Transcript Lecture_1_2008_1_ - Bishop Alemany High School

Computer Science
Alemany High School
Summer 2008
Mr. Galla
I. Parts of a Computer
A computer is like a 3 layer cake…
Applications (programs)
Operating System (Windows)
Hardware (Physical Computer)
Miscellaneous Parts of a Computer:
 Microprocessor
 Operating System
 RAM – DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)
 Cache – SRAM (Static Random Access Memory)
 Hard Drive
 Mouse
 Keyboard
 Monitor: Cathode Ray Tube, LCD, Plasma, DLP
 Printer
 Scan
 Digital Camera
 CD-R, CD-R/W, DVD media, dual layer, blue ray, HD-DVD
 3D Graphics Card
 Modem (DSL vs. cable)
II. Operating System
 system by which the hardware is
controlled and software is run
 ex. MS-DOS, Win 3.x, Win
95/98/ME/NT/2000/XP/ VISTA
 Mac OSX, Leopard
III. Hardware vs. Software
 Hardware – any material part of the
computer (case, monitor, cd-rom)
 Software – any program or application
that runs on the hardware
IV. Toggle Keys
 A key that allows you to “toggle” or
manipulate an action
 Going back and forth between two
actions
 Num lock, caps lock, insert (overtype),
ctrl, alt, shift
V. Keys Used in Conjunction with the Mouse
1. Shift Key
• move files or folders
• select a CONTINUOUS block or group of
files or folders
2. CTRL Key
• used to select files or folders which are not
continuous
3. ALT Key
• used to access the Menu Bar at the top of a
window
VI. Insert vs. Backspace vs. Delete
 insert overtypes
 delete removes characters forwards
 backspace removes characters
backwards
VII. File Extensions
 three characters added to the end of a filename
that represent what type of program the file was
created in
 usually the file is either an application – a file
that is opened in a different program, (.doc is
Word, .wps is Corel Wordperfect, .pub is
Publisher, .xls is Excel)
 or an executable – a file that opens a program
(.exe , .bat, .sys)
 internet file extensions – slightly different in that
they represent the type of website that you are
visiting (.com is commercial, .edu is education,
.gov is government, .net is network)
•VIII. Windows XP Professional
(Alemany OS in room A3) What should you know about Windows?
window – any open program, application, or message
title bar – top “line” of a window that contains the title
of what is open; contains a title, minimize (small
dash), maximize (square) and close (x)
icon – small graphic that opens a program or
application
tool bar – a bar in any program that combines icons
that lead to a specific action or function within the
program
menu bar – horizontal line underneath the title bar that
lists the functions and capabilities of a program (File,
Edit, View, Insert, Format, Window, Help)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

hint – hit the alt key on the keyboard to bring up the F in file
on the menu bar
What should you know about Windows? (Cont’d)
task bar – the bar usually located on the bottom of the
screen, includes the start button and clock
○ various programs can be run by clicking on them
in the task bar,
○ including system settings for the computer
(speaker, etc)
6. single vs. double click – DO NOT click on a file name,
only the file itself! Otherwise you rename it and it
becomes difficult to find
7. know how to drag – title bar, corner of a window, three
types of arrows
8. Microsoft Explorer – file manager
9. DOS – “command prompt”; 8 characters per filename
(limited and older OS)
10. Right Click vs. Left Click – obtains different menus
6.