Transcript File
Good nutrition enhances your quality of life and helps you prevent disease. It provides you with the calories and nutrients your body needs for maximum energy and wellness. NUTRITION: THE PROCESS BY WHICH THE BODY TAKES IN AND USES FOOD. NUTRIENTS: SUBSTANCES IN FOODS THAT YOUR BODY NEEDS TO GROW, TO REPAIR, AND TO PROVIDE ENERGY. CALORIES: UNITS OF HEAT THAT MEASURE THE ENERGY USED BY THE BODY AND ENERGY SUPPLIED TO THE BODY BY FOODS. 1. Hunger and Appetite: Hunger: Natural need to eat and not starve. Appetite: A desire to eat. 2. Emotions: •Stress, Anger, Happy, Sad, Boredom, etc, 3. Environment: •Family and Friends 4. Cultural and Ethnic Background: •Race, Religion, Heritage 5. Convenience and Cost: •Where you live, On the go lifestyle, Family income 6. Advertising: •Health messages, Influence your looks 6 GROUPS OF NUTRIENTS: •Carbohydrates •Proteins •Fats •Vitamins •Minerals •Water Carbohydrates: are the starches and sugars present in food. They are classified as either simple or complex. Complex carbohydrates are starches. Examples include: •whole grains •seeds - Fiber is an indigestible complex carbohydrate that helps move waste through the digestive system. Simple carbohydrates: are sugars. Examples include: •glucose •fructose •lactose. •Body’s preferred source of energy. • Body converts all carbohydrates to glucose, a simple sugar. • Glucose is not used right away and it is stored as glycogen. • Too many carbohydrates will cause the body to store the excess as fat. Proteins are nutrients that help build and maintain body cells and tissues. Proteins are classified into two groups: complete and incomplete. • Complete proteins contain amounts of all nine essential amino acids. SOURCES INCLUDE: *Fish, meat, poultry, eggs, milk, cheese, yogurt, and many soybean products. • Incomplete proteins lack one or more essential amino acids. SOURCES INCLUDE: *Beans, peas, nuts, and whole grains. • Proteins have many functions: - Help make new cells. -Help make and repair tissues. - Help make enzymes, hormones, and antibodies. - Provide energy. • Fats are a type of lipid, a fatty substance that do not dissolve in water. • The building blocks of fats are called fatty acids • Fatty Acids are classified as two types • Saturated: • Animal fats and tropical oils • High intake is associated with an increased risk of heart disease • Unsaturated: • Vegetable fats • Associated with a reduced risk of heart disease • High intake of saturated fats is linked to increased cholesterol production • Excess cholesterol can lead to an increased risk of heart disease Vitamins are compounds that help regulate many vital body processes that include: 1. Digestion 2. Absorption 3. Metabolism 4. Circulation Minerals are substances that the body cannot manufacture but are needed for forming healthy bones and teeth and regulating many vital body processes. Important minerals include: -Calcium -Phosphorus –Magnesium -Iron Water helps to maintain many bodily functions. • Lubricates your joints and mucous membranes. - Enables you to swallow and digest foods. - Absorb other nutrients, and eliminate wastes. - Perspiration helps maintain normal body temperature. • Water makes up around 65% of the body. • It’s important to drink at least 8 cups of water a day to maintain health. Are You Eating A Balanced Diet? 1. Food Allergy - a condition in which the body’s immune system reacts to substances in some foods. •Allergies to peanuts, tree nuts, eggs, wheat, soy, fish, and shellfish. •A simple blood test can indicate whether a person is allergic to a specific food. •These reactions may include rash, hives, or itchiness of the skin; vomiting, diarrhea or abdominal pain; or itchy eyes and sneezing. 2. Food Intolerance - a negative reaction to a food or part of a food caused by a metabolic problem. •The inability to digest parts of certain foods or food components. •May be associated with certain foods such as milk or wheat, or even with some food additives. •Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fever.