Transcript Chapter 14 Notes-Heathful Eating

Healthful Eating
Chapter 14
PHS
Nutrients
• The nutrients that keep your body working
properly are divided into six major classes:
Carbohydrates
Fats
Vitamins
Healthy Eating-Ch 14
Proteins
Minerals
Water
2
Carbohydrates
• Carbohydrates are the major sources of
energy in your diet. Most carbohydrates
come from plants. There are three kinds
of carbohydrates: sugar, starches, and
fiber.
• Sugars are simple carbohydrates found in
foods such as milk, fruits, candy, and
cookies.
Healthy Eating-Ch 14
3
• Starches are often called complex
carbohydrates.
Cereals, bread, rice, pasta, and
starchy vegetables are good sources
of starch.
The starches must be converted
into simple sugars during digestion.
Healthy Eating-Ch 14
4
Fiber is a complex carbohydrate.
Although your body cannot digest fiber, you
need fiber in your diet.
This is because fiber provides roughage that
stimulates the normal activity of your
intestines.
Fiber moves food through your body and
helps your body get rid of solid wastes.
Healthy Eating-Ch 14
5
Proteins
•
Proteins are a nutrient found in every
cell. They are needed for growth,
maintenance, and repair of body tissues.
Proteins are made up of amino acids.
Your body uses proteins to produce
enzymes and hormones.
• These help the body maintain its chemical
balance and build antibodies to fight
infections.
Healthy Eating-Ch 14
6
You may need extra protein
1. if you are recovering from an
injury or illness to help replace
and repair cells and
2. when you are growing to build
new cells.
Healthy Eating-Ch 14
7
Classes of Proteins
There are two classes of proteins:
• Complete proteins-supply all the
amino acids your body needs. They
come from foods that come from
animals such as meat, poultry, fish,
milk, cheese, and eggs.
Healthy Eating-Ch 14
8
Incomplete proteins-sources that provide
some of the amino acids your body needs.
The foods that provide incomplete proteins
are plant sources such as dried beans,
peas, and nuts.
When these foods are combined with
foods that are complete proteins, all the
needed proteins are provided.
Healthy Eating-Ch 14
9
Examples of these foods are macaroni and
cheese and a peanut butter sandwich.
Proteins consumed beyond the
body’s needs are stored in the
body as fat.
Healthy Eating-Ch 14
10
Fats
Fats provide slightly more than twice as
much energy per unit of weight as
carbohydrates and proteins.
Fat is stored beneath the surface of the skin
to insulate the body from shock and
temperature changes.
Fat protects and cushions the organs in your
body from injury.
Fat in the diet is used to help the body
distribute and use some vitamins.
Healthy Eating-Ch 14
11