Transcript Nutrition Unit-Lesson 3 PWRPT

What we need to know about
Carbohydrates and Proteins
Energy- have you got it?
What are their major functions?
 Carbohydrates are the body’s and brain’s
main source for energy.
• Humans store carbohydrates as glycogen--our
main source of energy for thinking and light
activity.
Carbo’s (or C6H12O6)
There are two major types of Carbohydrates
 Simple Carbos are
usually pretty sweet
and burn very quick!
Are combined simple
sugars and take longer
to burn
Nutrient Density of
Simple Carbohydrates
Empty Calories are calories
without nutrition!
Nutrient Dense Calories have a
lot of “bang for the buck”
2 Types of Complex Carbohydrates
Refined vs. Whole Grain
Refined Grains have had
all of the fiber taken
out!
Whole Grains have
retained all of their
natural fiber!
A 3rd Carbohydrate………..
• Fiber is a carbohydrate from plants that
goes mostly undigested. Instead, it works
like a sticky pipe cleaner for our system,
cleaning out our digestive tract.
• Fiber helps digestion and helps prevent
constipation.
Too many Carbo’s leads to:
• Empty Calories! Empty calories ruin
our appetite for other, healthier foods.
• Weight gain! Carbohydrates that go unused and
are not stored as glycogen are stored as FAT!
• Increased risk of diabetes.
Myth: Sugar cause hyperactivity!
Truth: Caffeine is a culprit, and sugar has been proven
innocent!
Not enough (complex) carbo’s
may lead to:
 Fatigue and energy loss.
 Cancer and heart disease
 A diet with healthy amounts of fruits, veggies,
and whole grains will lessen the risk for these
diseases.
Healthy advice for Carbo’s
• 60% of caloric intake should come from carbs.
• Try to limit simple sugars (soda pop,
candy, sugar, syrups, etc.)
• Make sure to eat fruits and veggies (fiber)!
• Try to replace refined grains with whole
grains.
Carbo Quiz……………………
Glycogen
1. Carb’s are stored in the body as_________.
Complex
2. There are 2 types of carb’s simple & ________.
Digestion
3. Fiber helps with _________________.
Appetite
4. Empty calorie can ruin your _______________.
60
5. ____%
of caloric intake should come from
carbs.
Proteins
 At first glance, what can you see on
the human body that is made of
protein?
Protein- is the structure for every cell
in the body!
• Protein is an energy bearing
nutrient made up of amino
acids
• Your muscles, your organs, and
your immune system are made
up mostly of protein.
• There are twenty (20) standard
Amino acids, more than half of
which our body cannot make.
Cysteine (Cys)
Extra Credit
anyone??
List all 20 and
bring them in
Tomorrow for
5 pts.
2 types of Proteins………..
 • Complete proteins (mostly
animal products) contain all
of the amino acids that our
body cannot generate.
• Incomplete proteins (Grains,
nuts, legumes, etc.) contain
some of the amino acids that
our body cannot generate,
and must be eaten in
combination with other
proteins.
Too much protein leads to…
• Heart disease and cancer- High protein
diets tend to be high in fat.
• Obesity- Unused proteins are also stored as
fat.
Not enough protein may lead
to…
• Deficiency- stunted development
• Lack of energy
• Frequent infections and or hormonal
imbalance
Healthy advice for Proteins…
• 10% of your caloric intake
• Increase the amount of:
 lean meats
 incomplete proteins, and
 decrease the amount of fatty meats in your
diet.
Protein quiz………………….
Muscle
1. ____________,
organs and Immune system
2.
3.
4.
5.
are made up of protein.
20
There are _______
Amino Acids.
Fat
Unused proteins are stored as __________.
Fat
High protein diets tend to be high in ______.
Complete proteins are mostly made up
Animal products
of_____________.