Transcript Document

Healthy Eating
For Life
Revise and Test
© ORCA Education Limited 2005
The Western World Diet
Eating Habit
(i.) too much
salt
(ii.) too much
saturated fat
(iii.) too many
NME sugars

1. Match the
eating habit to
the problem.
Problem
A
Answers
(a.) Dental caries,
obesity, under nutrition
(b.) Bowel disorders,
constipation, haemorrhoids,
bowel cancer
(c.) High cholesterol, heart
disease, obesity
(iv.) not enough
dietary fibre
(NSP)
(d.) Higher risk of non-insulin
dependent diabetes, obesity
(v.) over-eating
(e.) High blood pressure, heart
disease, stroke, kidney failure. *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
Government
Interest

The government in 1992 set
out targets for all these things:
A
improve the
national diet
Answers
decrease
heart disease


2. What is the name of the
Government white paper
published in 1992 that set the
targets for health and
nutrition?
3. Give one example of why
the Government might want to
improve health and nutrition
for economic reasons? *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
reduce stroke
cases
reduce cancer
deaths
tackle
obesity.
The Healthy Eating Guidelines









4. Fill in the missing words from the 8 healthy
eating guidelines: starch, / variety, / minerals, /
sugary, / sensible, / enjoy, / weight. / fat.
(a.) ….. your food.
(b.) Eat a …….. of different foods.
(c.) Eat the right amount to be a healthy ……….
(d.) Eat plenty of foods rich in ……. and fibre.
(e.) Don’t eat too much …….
(f.) Don’t eat ……. foods too often.
(g.) Look after the vitamins and ……. in your
food.
(h.) If you drink alcohol, keep within …….. limits.*
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
A
Answers
Specific Groups

The healthy eating guidelines are a
good guide but what are our special
food needs throughout our lives.

5. Give three reasons why people
have different food needs? *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
A
Answers
Pregnancy
A
Answers





Pregnant women need enough energy and
nutrients for the baby to grow, develop and be
healthy.
A pregnant woman needs extra energy and
protein especially during the three months of
pregnancy and dietary fibre to avoid
constipation.
There is also a need for certain vitamins and
minerals.
6. Give three examples of foods you would
recommend which are rich in folic acid,
vitamin D and iron.
7. Give three examples of foods and drinks to
be avoided during pregnancy. *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
Feeding Babies



For the first 4 months it is recommended that
babies are breastfed.
The production of milk is called lactation.
The advantages of breastfeeding are:
it is convenient

A
it is free
it has the exact
ingredients
it contains antibodies to
protect against infection
it can reduce
allergies
it helps the mother lose
weight after pregnancy
8. Give two pieces of advice on nutrition
for mothers who are breastfeeding. *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
Answers
it helps bond
mother and child.
Toddlers and Young Children





A
Answers
Poor diets are difficult to change and may lead to health
problems in later life.
Young children should have a variety of food that are full of
energy but also nutrient dense.
Eating should be fun and social, sitting around
the table with family and friends.
9. Why should young children have
full-fat milk until 2 years old?
10. Give an example of food that
should be avoided for toddlers. *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
Feeding Growing Children
A
Answers



Do not use food as a reward.
Do not give too many sugary foods
and never add salt to any food
(children aged 1-3 should have no
more than 2g a day).
11. Why should you use fresh
foods for children’s meals rather
than processed? *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
Teenagers



It is important that teenagers have three
meals of high nutritional value.
Teenagers have higher energy
requirements than any other age group
and should eat lots of starchy foods, fruit
and vegetables.
The energy requirement for a 15-18 year
old male is 2755 kcal and for a female,
2110.

12. Give two examples of healthy snacks
that could replace sweets, crisps, soft
drinks etc. i.e. less sugar, salt and fat.

13. Why do girls need more iron than
boys? *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
A
Answers
Sport and Exercise







People who are involved in sport or heavy
exercise need a good diet.
Foods rich in carbohydrate will provide energy.
Carbohydrate is stored in the muscles and liver as
glycogen and is used during exercise and the
bigger the store, the longer you can perform.
14. What advice about food and drink
would you give to this basketball
player under these headings?
water
carbohydrates
amount of food. *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
A
Answers
Older People
A
Answers


This 75 year old man should have 2100 kcal
and as much of the other nutrients (RNIs) as
for younger adults.
Very old people may suffer from undernutrition.

15. Give one physical problem which may
cause very old people to suffer from
under-nutrition.

16. Give one economic or social problem
that can harm their diet. *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
Vegetarians
A
Answers



The Vegetarian Society estimate
that there are 4.5 to 5 million (1 in
12) people in Britain who are
vegetarian
There are different types of
vegetarians from people who eat
some types of meat or animal
produce to those who eat no
animal products.
17. Give two reasons why more
people are becoming vegetarian?*
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
A Vegetarian Diet
A
Answers
18. Which statement is correct?
 Vegans eat:
(a.) no animal flesh or eggs
(b.) no animal flesh
(c.) no animal flesh or animal products.


19. What vitamins and what mineral
might a vegan have to supplement
their diet with?

20. Give an example of a ‘hidden’
animal product. *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
Obesity
A
Answers




Obesity can cause these
serious health risks.
Obesity is more than just being
slightly overweight.
Obesity in children has tripled
in 20 years with 8.5% of 6 year
olds rising to 15% of 15 year
olds being obese.
21. Give three possible reasons
for the increase in obesity over
the last 20 years. *
Diabetes
Increased colon
cancer risk
Heart attack
High blood
pressure
Restricted lifestyle
Low self esteem
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
Food Intolerance


A
Answers
Food intolerance happens when
when the body reacts badly to a
certain food or ingredient.
Symptoms can range from a skin
rash to death.
Nuts
22. There are three main causes:
 enzyme deficiency
 malabsorption
 What is the third cause? *

Milk
Eggs
Fish
Flavourings
Colourings
Shellfish
Gluten
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
Soya
Suggested Answers













Return
1. (i.) = e, (ii.) = c, (iii.) = a, (iv.) = b, (v.) = d.
2. ‘The Health of The Nation.’
3. Reduce health care costs, days off sick, benefits paid etc.
4. a. enjoy, b. variety, c. weight, d. starch, e. fat, f. sugary, g. minerals, h.
sensible.
5. Level of activity, age, sex, occupation, health etc.
6. Fortified breakfast cereals, green vegetables, red meat, bread, pulses.
7. Soft cheeses e.g. brie, raw eggs, undercooked meat, caffeine, alcohol.
8. Eat a balanced diet, protein, vitamins and minerals, starchy foods for
increased energy demands and drink more than normal.
9. Milk is still a major source of nutrition and full fat meets energy demands.
10. Fibre rich foods e.g. wholemeal pasta, nuts (choking) raw eggs
(salmonella).
11. Processed foods often contain hidden amounts of sugar, salt and fat that
can lead to future health problems and bad eating habits.
12. Banana, dried fruit, bagels, yogurt etc.
13. Loss of iron due to menstruation. *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved
Suggested Answers continued









Return
14. Drink lots of water before and during a game, eat carbohydrates before
and after sport to replace glycogen, eat enough to build muscle and for your
training and activity.
15. Less active, mouth and teeth problems, difficulty handling kitchen
equipment, housebound.
16. Less money to buy adequate food, living alone, less incentive to cook
meals, less social.
17. More healthy, animal welfare, religious beliefs, better for the environment,
food safety.
18. (c.) No animal flesh or animal produce.
19. The B group of vitamins and the mineral iron.
20. Gelatine, rennet.
21. Less time playing outdoors-safety fears and computer games, more
processed foods, advertising of sugary high fat foods, less time to make
home cooked food, more take-aways available etc.
22. Food allergy. *
© ORCA Education Limited (2005)
and suppliers, all rights reserved