Transcript Nationalists v. Communists

China
中國
SS7CG7 The student will demonstrate an understanding of national governments in
Southern and Eastern Asia.
SS7E8 The student will analyze different economic systems.
SS7E10 The student will describe factors that influence economic growth and examine
their presence or absence in India, China, and Japan.
SS7H3 The student will analyze continuity and change in Southern and Eastern Asia
leading to the 21st century.
d. Describe the impact of Communism in China in terms of Mao
Zedong, the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, and Tiananmen
Square.
What do you already know?
• Quick Write.
– Write down what you know about China until I
tell you to stop.
– Do not pick up your pen/pencil until the timer
goes off…
–Write the whole time 
1911-1912
• A new government had taken over called the
Chinese Nationalist Party.
– Chiang Kai-shek
• Nationalist Party Opposed by Communist
Party.
– Mao Zedong
Nationalists v. Communists
Nationalists v. Communists
VS.
Chiang Kai- shek
Mao Zedong
Nationalists v. Communists
• Communists opposed Chiang Kai- shek
• Civil War broke out in China
• However during WWII both groups fought the
Japanese
Under Nationalist Rule
• China was failing to provide for the Chinese
workers and peasants were living in poverty.
Peasants became supporters of
the Communist party
• In 1949 the Communists led by Mao Zedong
defeated the Nationalists
• Nationalist retreated to Taiwan.
– Created the Republic of China. Ruled through
Martial Law
Rise of Communism
• On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong declared the Communist
State of China.
– The People’s Republic of China
• Government is now in control of businesses and farms. All
decisions are made through the government.
– Command Economy
– Distribution of Power – Unitary
– Citizens Role – Autocratic
• Ultimate goal of Communism…
– Create a classless society
Great Leap Forward
1958-1961
The commune is like a gigantic dragon, production is noticeable
awe-inspiring
Great Leap Forward
•Looking at the chart below, what does the blue line represent?
•What does the red line represent?
•In what year(s) do the two lines cross?
•What happened in China this year?
•Using this chart What can you assume was the cause for the increased death rate
Great Leap Forward
• Started in 1958
– Intended to speed up China’s
economy
• Create Farming Communes
– About 25,000 citizens lived on a farm
– All grow crops, run industries,
educated their children and have
health care…
– Government owned land
– Government controlled their
economy, social schedules and work
schedules.
Great Leap Forward
• Became known as a huge disaster with
in one year.
– Droughts and floods damaged food supply
– Communes failed to provide enough
quality industry and food
• Result…
– 20 Million people died from 1958-1960
– One of the largest famines in history
– People’s confidence in Mao Zedong
declined
Cultural Revolution
1966-1976
Hold high the great red banner of Mao Zedong to wage the Great Proletarian
Cultural Revolution to the end - Revolution is no crime, to rebel is justified
Cultural Revolution
Look at the picture to the
right..
- Using your knowledge
of the Cultural
Revolution and Ji- Li’s
personal encounter what
do you think is
happening?
Cultural Revolution
• Communist Government was calling
for reforms to prevent other disasters
• Counterrevolutionaries worried Mao.
– Feared the country would be
overthrown by capitalist
• 1966 Mao began the Cultural
Revolution
– GOAL : Stop all opposition to the
Communist Party
Cultural Revolution
• Schools were shut down
• Students were recruited to become
Red Guards
– Attacked and punished those opposed
to communism
• Factories were shut down
– Economy became weak
• Healthcare and Transportation were
denied to the Chinese People
Cultural Revolution
• Result
– Only created more distrust of the Communist
Government
• Mao Zedong is responsible for the worst
genocide in the 20th Century
– (China, 1958-61 and 1966-69, Tibet 1949-50)
• 49-78,000,000 people Killed under his direction
Change of Power
• Mao Died in 1976
– Cultural Revolution Ended
• Deng Xiaoping
– Reformed Mao’s ideas, but stuck to Communist Values
Tiananmen Square
Tiananmen Square
April 1989
• Protestors Filled Tiananmen Square for seven
weeks.
– Practicing their right of free speech
– Speaking out against communism and wanting
democracy
– Other protests were inspired by this event
• Protestors were warned to stop, but when
they didn’t the government sent tanks to the
square and opened fire.
– Disapproval across the world led China to improve
and support human rights of its citizens.
If you were to Google “Tiananmen Tank” in China…..
If you were to Google “Tiananmen Tank” in USA…..
China Today
• China’s Government is still ruled by the Chinese
Communist Party (CCP).
– Citizens 18+ are allowed to vote, but only for those who
represent the CCP.
• President is government appointed
• Cabinet holds executive power.
• Leaders chosen by the National People’s Congress
(legislature).
– CCP determines candidates
– CCP candidates usually elected by Congress
China Today
• “Socialist market economy”
– Transitioning from Command to Mixed Market
• Market overseen by Government
• China is slowly lifting government control and making
foreign investments
• China has made large investments in Human Capital to
improve education system.
– Increasing education enrollment
• China has made capital investments to increase GDP.
– Manufacturing (1/2 GDP)
– Dependable water services, electricity, and transportation.