Transcript Communism - China

1. Objective (READ)
SWBAT explain how China became a major
economic power.
2. Question of the Day. (TURN OBJECTIVE
INTO A QUESTION)
3. Warm-up (ANSWER)
A. What caused China to be isolated in the 1800s?
B. Is isolationism a good policy? Explain why or why
not.
Table of Contents
Date
Title
Lesson #
4/6
Religion
78
4/8
Communism – Diffusion
79
4/9
Communism – North Korea
80
4/12
Isolation
81
4/13
Communism – China
82
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Communism - China
CHINESE HISTORY
China = one of the oldest civilizations, goes back to ancient
Egyptian times
Dynasties (Kingdoms)
- China was ruled by dynasties since as far back as 2100 BC
1. Han 206 BC - 220 AD
- Most Chinese people consider themselves Han
- Seen as the establishment of the Chinese “race”
2. Qing (Manchu) dynasty 1644-1911
- Greatly increased size of China through colonization
- Gained Indochina, Tibet, Myanmar, Kazakhstan, Xinjiang,
Mongolia, Eastern Siberia, Taiwan, Sakhalin islands (off
Russia, north of Japan), Taiwan
Dynasties Collapse (late 19th century)
1. Overextended – Emperors can’t control the size and
huge population.
2. Europeans – European countries colonize the area
and British merchants bring Opium from India.
3. Drugs – country is flooded with opium from India,
Chinese society breaks down.
4. Japan - Japan’s harsh colonization destroys towns
and infrastructure.
5. Civil War – Communists vs. Capitalists (want
Democracy) vs. Japan
MAO ZEDONG
- With support of Russia, Mao
Zedong leads the Communists
to victory in the Civil War
- Mao reunites most of China and
sets up the People’s Republic
of China with a Communist
government (1949)
- Nationalists (people who want
democracy) flee to Taiwan and
set up a democratic society
Mao’s China
• Weak - Lost Taiwan, forced to give up land on their
borders to Japan and Russia
• Threatened - European colonizers nearby in Macau and
Hong Kong
• Poor – millions of landless peasants, extreme poverty
• Rural – no modernization, no industrialization
• Chaotic – local lords terrorized the people, brides were
bought and sold, slavery, etc.
Mao’s Policies
1. Collective Farming – government
took land from everyone
2. Infrastructure – dams and levees
were built by citizens with their bare
hands, built hospitals
3. Great Leap Forward – put
peasants on “teams” in small
villages, tore families apart, people
worked on farms and in small
factories
- failed, killed millions by
starvation
Members of People’s commune put on Mao
buttons together.
Mao’s Policies
4. Colonization - colonized regions formerly under
Chinese control (Tibet – Buddhists in the SW, Uyghurs Muslims in the West)
- forced Han (Chinese) culture on the people in these
regions
5. Childbirth – Encouraged families to have as many
children as possible (more workers)
6. Eliminate Confucianism – Confucius felt family was
most important (needed to break up families for the
Great Leap Forward)
7. Modernized Education – government controlled
education system
Deng Xiaoping
- Leader after Mao’s death
in 1976
- Creates policies that bring
a market economy to
communist China
- Leads the rapid economic
growth of China
COPY
Deng’s Policies
1. Special Economic Zones (SEZs) allowed foreign investment to come into
the ports in the East (eliminated isolation)
COPY
B. SEZs offered investors huge incentives for
American businesses:
 very cheap labor
 low taxes
 easy leases for the
buildings
 products could be sold globally
(GLOBAL TRADE)
COPY
Effects of SEZs
A. Globalization - American businesses rushed to
build factories in China
B. Rapid urbanization – millions left farms in rural
areas and migrated to the cities
C. Rapid industrialization – China is the leading
exporter of manufactured goods
D. Rapid modernization – China has invested
newly earned money into major infrastructure
projects (like the 3 Gorges Dam, tunnels, bridges,
etc.)
E. Massive Economic Growth – China’s GDP is
growing at record levels, China will soon have the
world’s largest economy and more economic
power than anyone else
Copy the
Effects of
SEZs, only
the words
in Bold
Today
- Economy - China’s economy has a mixed, free
market economy. Some industries are
government controlled, others privatized.
- Government – China’s government is
Communist, leaders are not elected but
appointed by the government
- Social – people have limited rights and freedoms,
many believe that as China’s standard of living
increases people will begin demanding more
rights