Transcript China becomes a Communist State No Pics

China
From the First Emperor to Communism
China Basics
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China is the 4th largest country on the planet
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Home to 1.3 billion people
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Oldest civilization on earth
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Largest population earth
The third oldest country
Made many major accomplishments
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Paper making
Primitive printing press
Gunpowder and other weapons like the crossbow
The compass
The noodle
The First Emperor of China
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Qin Shi Huangdi was responsible for setting the
stage for the modern country of China
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Unified China
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Established Legalism
Developed a common language
Built the majority of the Great Wall of China
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7 warring states turned into 1 “peaceful” country
Needed to protect the northern border of the country
Built an elaborate tomb
Built the terra cotta warriors
The First Emperor of China
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Responsible for using the government style called
“Legalism”
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The leader is very strong and very strict
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Government controls every element of people’s lives
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Mandate of Heaven
How you live, what you do, how you think, etc
The people must be loyal and obedient
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Those that don’t conform to this way are gotten rid of
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Putin a labor or reeducation camp, or sentenced to death
The Dynasties of China
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After the First Emperor died his ideas were
continued by future emperors and “dynasties”
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Ruling families
Continued for 2,000 years
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From 200 BC to 1911
Today we call Legalism a “Totalitarian
Dictatorship”
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The Chinese government claims that their country is
not a dictatorship… they are communists
So… what is communism?
The Idea of Communism
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Communism is an economic system, not a
form of government!!
Why do we think of it as a government?
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Many dictatorships use communism for their
economy
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Cuba and Fidel Castro
Russia and Joseph Stalin
North Korea and Kim Jong Il
China and Hu Jintao
The Idea of Communism
Karl Marx created the idea of communism
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Believes the “Proletariat” would rise up against the
wealthy dictators or emperors of a country
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The average and poor working people
Believes proletariat would take power and create a
country where everyone is equal in terms of wealth
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Redistribute the wealth of a country
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Take from the rich and divide it evenly among everyone
BUT… the unfortunate reality is that equality for all
cannot happen completely
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Every country must have leaders
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More wealth and power than everyone else
The Last Dynasty is Overthrown
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In 1911 the last Chinese Emperor is overthrown
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Dr. Sun Yatsen becomes first president of China
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Overthrow by the Kuomintang or Nationalist Party
A democracy is established
Dies after 14 years in charge
Replaced by Chiang Kai- shek
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Promised to continue democracy and rights for all
Chinese people, but he never followed through
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The proletariat become very upset and move to revolt
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Mao Zedong is the leader of the upset Proletariat
Mao Zedong
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Teacher who studied the ideas of Karl Marx
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Mao went to the countryside
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Believed strongly in communism
Believed a proletariat revolution was possible
Promote communism and revolution among the
average people
A violent civil war began between the
Communists and Nationalists
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Mao Zedong versus Chiang Kai- shek
Most communists were killed
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Mao and the remaining communists were forced to head
6,000 miles to northwestern China
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Called the “Long March”
China During WW II
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Japan invaded China
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Nationalists and Communists reluctantly set aside
their differences in order to fight Japan
More people started to look to Mao for leadership
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Communism gains major support by the people
After the war Mao and the communists gain all
political power in China
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The people believe this is a major victory for China
Communism in China
Mao Zedong
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Leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
First communist leader in China
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Came to power in China after WWII in 1949
Blended the unique ideas of Karl Marx and the
First Emperor
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China became a country where the people are equal,
but there is also a dictator
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Marx’s idea of equality for the people
Qin Shi Huangdi’s idea that there is a dictator with total
control over the people’s lives
How Mao’s Communism worked
Fear and violence was used in the beginning
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Scare people into following you
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Just like the First Emperor
“Propaganda”
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Make people believe everyone is happy and equal
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Government controls the TV., radio, newspaper, books,
schools, etc.
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Government claims they “Serve the people”
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Just like the First Emperor
Stressed loyalty and service to China
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“You” as a person do not matter, but “we” as China do
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The group (China) is more important than the individual
How Mao’s Communism worked
Propaganda Continued
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Hero of the Day Posters
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Average workers or children who do something for the
country are rewarded by having a poster of them put up in
their village
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People feel good about what they are doing for China
Makes people believe the government is good and that they
care for the people
Mao’s “Little Red Book”
The ultimate propaganda device used by Mao
Famous quotations and rules written by
Chairman Mao
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Every day certain passages were read
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Before work or school
After several generations, people believed Mao knew
everything and that he really cared about them
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Mao now controlled the most important thing… What
people thought
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First Emperor did this by burning all writings
Communism and the People
Everyone is “equal”
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No social classes
No private property
Equal access to things like Education, Healthcare,
Housing, and Jobs
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No personal rewards to work hard
Everyone is paid the same no matter what they do
One- child- per- family policy
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Government says you can only have one child
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Why does the government do this?
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Population control- Limits what they need to give the people
What if you do have more than one child?
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Three options
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Abortion
 Started by government at the beginning of policy
Pay a fine for each child over one
 Very Expensive and very few people can do this
Adoption
 Most popular method
 Daughters are usually given up