Transcript Territorial Development Opportunities in Europe and its

ESPON Internal Seminar 2012
“Territorial Development Opportunities in Europe and its
Neighbourhood to Foster Global Competitiveness”
Parallel Workshop Session: Workshop 2.2
Territorial Factors for
Global Competitiveness and
Economic Growth
Stimulus map
Discontinuities in GDP per capita, 2008
• The sharpest divides are between Europe
(including Turkey) and North Africa, and between
Finland and Russia.
• However there is also an economic division within
Europe between west and east, a gap that also
separates off Greece and Cyprus.
• It is also notable that the discontinuity between the
Neighbourhood countries of North Africa and those
to the south of them across the Sahara is as great
again as the Europe / North Africa disparity.
• These divisions in economic wealth are paralleled
by divisions in demographic profiles.
• Whereas the demographic perspectives largely
follow the wealth divisions between east and west,
they show a reverse picture for the north-south
dimension.
• The southern neighbours are expected to
experience a population increase between 2000
and 2030 which goes well beyond the increases
2
expected within EU27+IS+LI+NO+SW.
Workshop 2.2 – key questions for ESPON projects
1.
What are the main observations or conclusions from your project - for Europe, its
regions and cities - in relation to “economic development, innovation,
technological development, research trade flows, territorial specialisation and
profiles”?
Please select maximum 2 maps from your project and include maximum 5 bullet points that could illustrate
and synthesize this question.
Maximum use 3-4 slides for showing ESPON evidence on this question.
2. How do developments in Europe´s neighborhood influence the territorial
development in Europe and vice-versa (according to your mind / your ESPON
findings)?
Please include maximum 3 bullet points that could illustrate and synthesize this question, as much as
possible based on your project results and on the case studies developed.
Please use 1 slide to answer to this question.
3. What opportunities and challenges exists for Europe and its neighbourhood for
increasing competitiveness through further cooperation and integration?
(according to your mind / your ESPON findings)?
Please include maximum 3 bullet points that could illustrate and synthesize this question.
Please use 1 slide to answer to this question.
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Question 1
1) Regionalization and globalization are parallel and probably
mutually reinforcing processes;
2) The importance of Europe for European regions : two third
of trade is internal and the openness rate of the EU is
around 20% for the European economy
Internal trade as a share of GDP (%)
ASEAN
CIS
EU
GCC
MERCOSUR
NAFTA
Average of all free
trade areas
External trade as a share of GDP (%)
1968
7,7
0,0
11,9
2,9
1,0
2,8
1986
10,3
0,0
27,3
5,9
1,4
5,5
1996
22,3
13,0
30,5
5,7
3,1
10,0
2007
33,5
11,4
42,4
6,0
4,2
11,7
1968
24,4
2,0
8,8
64,7
11,7
4,2
1986
44,6
8,0
14,6
50,6
13,5
9,2
1996
65,9
29,2
14,1
64,4
12,4
11,7
2007
85,8
40,8
20,6
76,2
22,6
14,6
4,4
10,0
14,1
19,7
7,7
15,3
18,8
28,4
3)
4)
5)
Regions and cities are
unequally “globalized”;
Openness to globalization is
related to competitiveness,
notably in products with high
technological content
However, regional and city
performances in the last ten
years is not clearly related to
their participation to global
economy and networks
Question 2
1)
2)
3)
The importance of Europe for the neighbourhood makes no doubt: in
the last decades, the influence of Europe has been more and more
restricted to its neighbourhood  Neighbourhoods are functionnally
part of Europe: some neighbouring countries are indeed more
intensively turned to Europe than some European countries are;
In reverse, the neighbourhoods are important for Europe, but behind
major economic areas, mainly Northern America;
The importance of the neighbourhood is higher for migratory flows and
energy than economic and financial flows  neighbourhood policies
tend to focus on these matters
The weight of Europe (ESPON) in the trade of countries, 1996 - 2007
Regions of the world according to the importance
they have for Europe and the nature of their links
Question 3
1) In the EU 2020 strategy , the following assessment is made:
“The Europe 2020 strategy is not only relevant inside the EU,
it can also offer considerable potential to candidate
countries and our neighbourhood and better help anchor
their own reform efforts. Expanding the area where EU rules
are applied will create new opportunities for both the EU
and its neighbours”
2) This calls for a true cooperation and shared development
strategy for the neighbourhood rather than the partenalistic
vision and/or the actual focus on migrations, security and
energy matters