Transcript Viticulture in Finland

Viticulture in Finland
Meeri Saario
Seppäläntie 68
08800 Lohja, Finland
Tel. +358-19-349395,
+358-40-5890043
e-mail: [email protected]
Viticulture in Finland
• Finland is propably the northernmost
country where grapevines are grown (6063´N)
• the cumulative heat sum in southernmost
Finland is 1350 - 1400 deg. C days (base
temp. +5 °C)
• Growing of grapevines is possible in
unheated plastic houses
– hybrid varieties and a few V. vinifera-varieties
Viticulture …
• Growing in the open air:
– only a few early ripening varieties can be
grown in very warm places, for instance
- close to the housewall
– - fenced area, where the heat sum is higher
• Limiting factor in the open air is
– the low cumulative heat sum during the growing season,
not low temperatures in winter
Grape growers in Finland
• Mostly home gardeners
• Other enthusiasts
• The total number of growers is not known
as we have not yet any association of vine
growers
– propably a few hundreds
– grapes are grown mostly for eating fresh
Varieties grown in Finland
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The old am. hybrid ’Beta’, since 1930’s
Latvian varieties ’Zilga’, ’Spulga’, ’Supaga’
’Ivan’, ’Sukribe’, etc.
Some European varieties ’Rondo’, etc.
American hybrid varieties ’Summersweet’
and ’Fabel’ are in plant production
My varieities in unheated
plastic house
• Am. hybrids:
– ’Beta’, ’Foch’, ’Valiant’, ’Fredonia’
– ’Edelweis’, ’Swenson Red’, ’Summersweet’,
’Mars Seedless’,
– ’Fabel’ (ES 11-2-58)
– ’Adelmiina’ (ES 6-16-30)
– ’Jokke’ (PRK 13-32)
My varieties in unheated ...
• European V. vinifera varieties:
– ’Siegerrebe’
– ’ Blaue Burgunder
– Latvian variety ’Zilga’
Cultivation in unheated
plastic house
• The heat sum needed for ripening can be
achieved
– (except for ’Fredonia’)
• sugar content developes corresponding the
typical level of variety in question
• no winter protection is used
Cultivation in unheated ...
• Problems
• Bud brake starts in early May
• Low night temperatures in late May might
cause damages to flowers and leaves
– extra heating is often needed to avoid cold
damages
Problems in unheated ...
• Exessive vegetative growth during summer
• Shadowing effect of leaves
• Air humidity often too high
One approach to this problem
• With plastic fenced area, like unheated
plastic house without roof