Transcript AZ DiversityL2 PowerPoint Sept 13

SBI3U Course Textbook:
Biology 11, McGraw-Hill Ryerson
Diversity of
Living Things
What is diversity?
• In small groups, create your own definition of diversity
Why is diversity important?
• Continue discussion in groups
Is the Earth losing its diversity?
Food, Inc Documentary Trailer
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QqQVll-MP3I
Jonathan Drori:
Why we're storing billions of seeds
TED
• http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/jonathan_drori_why_we
_re_storing_billions_of_seeds.html
Section 1.1
Identifying, Naming, and Classifying Species
• WITHOUT using your Macs, define the word “species”
Section 1.1
Identifying, Naming, and Classifying Species
Species: a group of organism that can interbreed in nature
and produce fertile offspring
Section 1.1
Identifying, Naming, and Classifying Species
Species: a group of organisms that can interbreed in nature
and produce fertile offspring
Currently, scientists have identified 2 million species
on Earth
Scientists estimate there are 5 million to 20 million species
– so there are countless species we have yet to discover
Identifying Species - whoa
• Do scientists around the world agree
on the definition of species?
• Scientists agree on various
definitions called “species concepts”
3 types of Species Concepts:
• Morphological species concept
• Biological species concept
• Phylogenetic species concept
Identifying Species - whoa
3 types of Species Concepts:
• Morphological species concept
• Biological species concept
• Phylogenetic species concept
--------• Read page 11 independently followed by group
discussion
Naming Species
• Who are these guys?
Naming Species
• This species has several different names:
groundhog, woodchuck, whistle pig, forest marmot, marmota
monax …
System of Classifying Names:
Binomial Nomenclature
• Taxanomy: the branch of biology that identifies,
names, and classifies species based on natural
features
• Genus: (plural genera) taxonomic group of a
closely related species
• Carolus Linnaeus (1700s), referred to as
the Father of Taxonomy
System of Classifying Names:
Binomial Nomenclature
• Binomial Nomenclature: a two-part naming
system - first name is the scientific name (genus
name) followed by a second name that identifies
the particular species
• Genus name is capitalized, species name is in
lower case letters, both italicized
• Example: Homo sapiens
• Classification the grouping of organisms based on
a set of criteria that helps to organize and indicate
evolutionary relationships
In-class/Homework Part 1:
• Read pages 10-13, complete Questions 1-6
Classifying Species Activity
• Activity 1.1, page 13, complete in groups of 2
Hierarchical Classification
… a method of classifying organisms –
species are arranged from most general to most specific
Un-nested Classification:
Sports
Hockey
Soccer
Tennis
Nested Classification:
Sports
Team Sports
Hockey
Soccer
Non-team sports
Tennis
Golf
Classifying Organisms through
Taxonomic Categories
Rank: a level in a classification scheme, such as
phylum or order
Taxon: a named group of organisms such as a
phylum Chordata or order Rodentia