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Regulation Inspection and Control - Fish Health Scottish Aquaculture Industry - Background Main Species Farmed • Atlantic salmon • Rainbow trout • Blue mussel • Pacific oyster • Atlantic halibut, brown / sea trout, Arctic charr • European oyster Scottish Aquaculture Industry - Background • • • • Salmon (freshwater) – 105 sites, 36.9 million smolts Salmon (seawater) – 254 sites, 144,159 tonnes Rainbow trout (freshwater) – 31sites, 4,145 tonnes Rainbow trout (seawater) – 8 sites, 2,620 tonnes • • • • Other Species – 34 sites, 389.5 tonnes Blue mussel – 59 businesses, 6,477 tonnes Pacific oyster – 30 sites, 2.9 million European oyster – 1 site, 490, 000 Scottish Aquaculture Legislation • Aquaculture and Fisheries (Scotland) Act 2007 – – – – – Control of parasites Control of escapes Improved record keeping Access to records by inspectors Powers of enforcement PARASITE Sea lice Regulation Industry Requirements – Satisfactory measures – control prevention and reduction – Legislative requirements – ‘2008 Record Keeping Order’ – Industry Code of Good Practice Industry Code of Good Practice – weekly counts 25 fish (5 fish from 5 cages) – suggested trigger 0.5 (Feb-June) 1 (JulyJan) Ls adult female – management agreements – appropriate training – good practice in the use of medicinal products Sea lice regulation Record Keeping – – – – – training lice counts administration of medicinal products methods to control /treat parasites sea lice management groups Inspections and audits of fish farm sites – Inspection – sea lice & treatment records; inspection of stock – Enhanced inspection – all records; inspection of stock, checks of sea lice counting procedure; treatment, administration. – Enforcement action Containment Regulation Industry Requirements • • • Satisfactory measures – contain fish, prevent escapes and recover escaped fish Legislative requirements – ‘2008 Record Keeping Order’ Industry Code of Good Practice Industry Code of Good Practice • • • • • • Equipment specification, installation to meet manufacturers advice Net inspection and testing Fish transfer and handling Actions to take following escape Boat operations Containment regulation Record Keeping • • • • • • Specification of equipment and facilities Training – boat handling, transfer and handling fish Risk assessments – fish transfer and predation Contingency plans for escapes Flood prevention measures for inland water sites Record of severe weather events damaging equipment, action taken Inspections of fish farm sites • • Inspection – escape events? Inspection to check site integrity Enhanced inspection - of all records; inspection for site integrity; escapes investigation; audit of procedures. Enforcement action Scottish Aquaculture Legislation • Aquatic Animal Health (Scotland) Regulations 2009 – Implements Commission Directive 2006/88/EC – Authorise and register businesses – Attach conditions to the operation of authorised businesses • Record keeping • Biosecurity • Surveillance requirements – including risk based – Notification and control of listed diseases – Certification of trade – import and export – Provision of a publicly available list of authorised businesses and sites. VIRUS Scottish Aquaculture Legislation • Commission Regulation (EC)1251/2008 – Implements Council Directive 2006/88/EC as regards conditions and certification requirements for the placing on the market and the import into the Community of aquaculture animals and products thereof and laying down a list of vector species. – Controls imports of fish from other member states and countries outside the EU – Lays down the certification requirements for trade to other member states and countries outside the EU BACTERIA Status in Scotland, selected listed diseases Disease Susceptible species Status Epizootic Haematopoietic Necrosis Rainbow trout Category I (disease free) Infectious Salmon Anaemia Salmonid sps. Category I, except targeted surveillance in SW SH, Cat IV Infectious Haematopoietic Necrosis Atlantic salmon, RTR Category I Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Trout, herring etc. Category I White spot disease Decapod crustaceans National sampling strategy, III OsHV-1 var, emerging Pacific Oyster Cat II, Surveillance prog. Bacterial Kidney Disease Salmonid sps Cat V, infected. National controls. Efficient Surveillance Risk Based Identify risk factors and understanding for disease emergence, introduction and spread Critical interventions stopping disease transmission Epidemiological control • Dispersal models • Risks to wild fish • Defining aquaculture management areas for integrated disease control Withdrawal of fish • 3 to 6 weeks Epizootic investigation • All live fish movements and other contacts over 12 months back from 2 January ‘09 • No movements of live fish for ongrowing outside South West Shetland containment area after mid June • None outside Shetland • All movements investigated and spread ruled out through inspection or testing • Processing plants • Biosecure and effluent disinfection • Supply of smolts from freshwater – Negligible risk Site descriptions: Pink = suspect Blue = tested negative Orange = PCR positive Purple = confirmed or sequenced Arrows are proportional to mean wind speed Disease diagnosis and containment: Infectious Salmon Anaemia ISA Negative ISA Positive + 5 km Depopulated Active Sea Water Active FishSea Farms Water Fish Farms Inactive Sea Water Inactive FishSea Farms Water Fish Farms COGP Managment COGP Areas Managment Areas Marine Scotland Marine Managment Scotland Areas Managment Areas