Transcript Ch 14 Digestive System- Fx and Organs through the

Chapter 14
The Digestive
System and Body
Metabolism
Lecture Presentation by
Patty Bostwick-Taylor
Florence-Darlington Technical
College
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Pages 463-472
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Ingestion- taking in food
Digestion- breaking food down
Absorption- nutrients into the bloodstream
Defecation—elimination of indigestible waste
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Two groups:
◦ Alimentary canal (gastrointestinal or GI tract)—
continuous, coiled, hollow tube (aka gut)
 These ingest, digest, absorb, defecate
◦ Accessory digestive organs
 Includes teeth, tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver,
gall bladder
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Mouth (oral cavity)
Tongue
Parotid gland
Sublingual gland
Submandibular
gland
Salivary glands
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Pancreas
(Spleen)
Liver
Gallbladder
Small
intestine
Anus
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Ascending colon
Cecum
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Appendix
Anal canal
Large intestine
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a continuous, coiled, hollow tube (about 30ft)
◦ runs through the ventral cavity from stomach to
anus:
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Structures include:
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Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Anus
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Mastication (chewing) of food
◦ Tongue mixes masticated food with saliva
 initiates swallowing
◦ Taste buds are specialized epithelial cells called
gustatory cells
 Contain taste receptors
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Upper lip
Gingivae
(gums)
Hard palate
Soft palate
Uvula
Palatine tonsil
Oropharynx
Tongue
(b)
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Food/fluid moves from the mouth into the:
1. Oropharynx
2. Laryngopharynx
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Peristalsis: the mechanism that propels food
and fluid through these parts of the pharynx
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Nasopharynx
Hard
palate
Oral
cavity
Soft palate
Lips (labia)
Palatine tonsil
Vestibule
Lingual tonsil
Lingual
frenulum
Tongue
Hyoid bone
Trachea
(a)
Uvula
Oropharynx
Epiglottis
Laryngopharynx
Esophagus
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Runs from pharynx to stomach through the
diaphragm (about 10 inches long)
Relies on peristalsis to move food and fluids
to the stomach
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.