Transcript CGC 1D Wusssuuuupppp with Maps??? An Intro to mapping skills

CGC 1D
Wusssuuuupppp with
Maps???
An Intro to mapping skills
What is Geography?
• The study of the Earth’s physical and human systems and the
relationship among them.
The five main areas of investigation for geographers include:
1. Locational factors (eg. Tim Horton's!)
2. Geographical systems (eg. hurricane impact)
3. Interactions between people and the environment
(eg. global warning)
4. Global connections between regions and countries
(eg. trade)
5. Special tools and skills (eg. GIS)
What is a map?
A map is a representation of the earth's
features drawn on a flat surface
• maps use symbols and colours to
represent the features of an area
• all maps need a TITLE, BORDER,
LEGEND, DIRECTION, AND SCALE
Types of Maps?
1.
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General-purpose maps
considerable amounts of information found on one map
could include such items as water, roads, soil, rails, parks,
elevations, towns, and cities
2.
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Thematic maps
presents specific information about a place
eg. drainage patterns, vegetation, elevation
probably the easiest to understand
3.
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Topographic maps
used to examine a small area of the earth's surface in detail
can show physical features, human features, direction and location,
and elevation etc…
Playin’ with maps…
Techniques for locating places on a map:
1. Compass points and bearings
• on most maps, references to compass points are shown on the
compass rose (see p. 31)
• the four principal points on a compass are called cardinal
points, while the four secondary points are called ordinal
points
• compass bearings do measure the angle of direction in relation
to North, therefore it is a more accurate method
2. Grid systems
• alphanumeric system uses letters and numbers to identify
locations (see p. 32-33)
• Military Grids use a series of blue lines
and numbers, used to locate places on
a topographic map (see p. 34)
• Always read RIGHT / UP
• vertical lines are called EASTINGS ,
horizontal lines are called NORTHINGS
Latitude and Longitude
LATITUDE and LONGITUDE are the most commonly used grid
systems that divide the earth into a series of grid squares
• they actually are measured as angles, with the centre of each
angle at the centre of the globe
• Latitude represents the distance north or south of the equator,
measured in degrees (eg. Equator is O degrees latitude)
• also known as PARALLELS
• Longitude represents the distance east or west of the prime
meridian, measured in degress (eg. Prime Meridian is 0
degrees longitude)
• also known as MERIDIANS