Transcript the crusades - One Bad Ant

THE CRUSADES
“Das Vault” God Wills it
Crusades

Crusade = “To the Cross::
Christian Holy War.
 1st
, 2nd 3rd Crusades Purpose to
gain control of Jerusalem.
Holy Land – Home of the Church
of the Holy Sepulcher and the
Dome of the Rock.

Other Crusades, up to 7, would
fight for other cities . For about
250 – 300 years
Western Europe Prior To Crusades

Vikings raids over. Vikings converted to Christianity

People moved back to cities

Europe was growing more powerful under willing to fight in
the Middle East rather than being fought by Muslims in their
lands

Power of the Papacy has grown under Pope Gregory and
Urban

People fear god – very concerned for their
souls. Religion if first and foremost on their minds
Why Alexius Requested
Well Trained Knights From Urban?
Byzantine Empire
being invaded by
Seljuk Turks
Christian pilgrims
were attacked by
warring Turks and
Brigands
Byzantine Empire
feared attack on
Constantinople
Urban’s Political Motive

Politically seize opportunity
to gain control of both Holy
Roman and Byzantine
Empire!!

Overwhelm Alexius with a
huge army that would over
run
Constantinople and take
Jerusalem
Urban’s Speech

1095 Claremont France: Pope
Urban II called for the defeat of
the Seljuk Turks, returning the
Holy Land to the Christians.

Uses all element of a perceive
speech.

Uses this speech to launch the
First Crusade
Who Answered the Call?
Feudal
Lords
Knights
Peasants
Why go on the Crusade
Urban calls for all able bodies to wear
the cross (united as one)
 Remission of sins.
 Eternal life in heaven
 Be rewarded 100 fold
 Save Jerusalem for the accursed race
 Allow safe pilgrimage to Jerusalem
 Adventure

Peasant/ Peoples Crusade
Lead by Peter the Hermit
 Peasants drop everything and go
on the Crusade.
 Up to 60,000 by the time of
meeting the Turks
 Killed Jews in Germany
 Killed Christians who they
thought were Muslims as
they traveled farther East
 Wiped out by Turks

The Real Crusaders

Knights prepare
for a year

Strategy: Take
back Christian
cities Nicaea, Acre
and Antioch before
Jerusalem
Alexius out smarts Urban

Alexius realizes Urban’s
plans when tens of
thousands show

Makes knights take loyalty
oath to giving all captured
lands to Alexius

Quickly moves knights
across the Bosporus sea as
they come to Constantinople
Jerusalem

After 3 years in 1099
Knights seize Jerusalem
Massive killing as told
by Gesta, Raymond,
Fulcher
 Will control Jerusalem
for 91 years until
Saladin recaptures it for
Islam
 Urban died 6th months
before this day

Did Urban achieve his Goal

Yes that his knights captured Jerusalem

No in that he died 6th months before the
capture of Jerusalem

No in that he did not unite the two Christian
Empires under his or the West’s Control

Many killed and crimes committed along the
way

Lead for instability in the region for years to
come
Results of the Crusades
Western Europe opens trade again
Brought back books of classical
Greece and Rome
 Knowledge leads to the Renaissance
 Banking System is created so cash is
not needed. Extends into future
trade
 Western Europeans would enter age
of exploration and dominate world
 Mistrust of both Muslims and
Europeans will continue to this day


Second Crusade

Saladin leads the Muslim
Turks to victory,
defeating the Christians
1187

* He was considered a
very wise ruler. He was
known for his sometimes
kind treatment of fallen
enemies. Many
Christians saw him as a
model of knightly
chivalry.

Christian attempts to
take Jerusalem fail
Third Crusade (1189-1192)

Richard the Lion Heart
captures cities before
turning on Jerusalem
Wants to intimidate
Saladin

King Richard of England
and Muslim leader
Saladin meet historically
to make agreement to
keep the city open to all
pilgrims and keep peace.

Both understood that
without this agreement
there would be endless
fighting.
Crusades Continue
Through 13th century

Several more crusades
attempted with no victories
for the Christians

Children’s crusade, - 30,000
soldiers - Most of them
under 12 years old – Never
made it to the Holy Land