Transcript The Crusades - HFAWorldHistory-Kos

The Crusades
Unit 2, Chapter 6, Section 2
Unit 2, Chapter 9, Section 4
4.1.2 and 4.3.5
The Cause
• Definition – A series of
conflicts between Christian
armies and Muslim armies
• The holy land is occupied
by Muslim forces (seljuk
Turks)
• Byzantine (Christian) leader
Alexius I asks all of Europe
for help to reclaim the land
• Subsequent military
engagements known as
Crusades
How do we get Christians to believe in this?
• “All who die…shall have immediate remission
of sins.”
– Pope Urban II
• “It is the will of God, it is the will of God.”
The First Crusade
• 1099 – European Crusaders take Jerusalem
– Extremely bloody
• Set up smaller states around Jerusalem
surrounded by Muslim territory
The Second Crusade
•
•
•
•
Muslims retake one of the Crusader states
Second Crusade formed but fails miserably
1187 – Saladin takes back Jerusalem
Basis of the film “Kingdom of Heaven”
Third Crusade
• 1189 – Christians arrive, capture coastal
cities but cannot retake Jerusalem
• Richard I (Richard the Lionhearted) negotiates
to allow Christian Pilgrims access
Fourth Crusade
• Roughly 1200 – Italian Crusaders look to
recapture Jerusalem
• 1204 – Crusaders attack…
– Constantinople?
– Italy and Byzantium (Constantinople) were
competitors in trade
1212 – The Children’s Crusade
• Went to Italy, Pope told them to go home
• Roughly the same time, 20,000 French kids
promised by French ship leader to be taken to
Holy Land
• Seven ships, two go down in a storm, the
other five taken to North Africa
– The kids are then sold into slavery