Transcript They brought disease to America

Incan ruins
Machu Picchu
Christopher Columbus
French fur
traders
Unit 2 – When Cultures Collide
Mayan ruins
Arriving at
Jamestown
Migration of people from Central Asia dates back 13 to
16,000 years ago. At that time, the Bering Strait was a land
bridge connecting North America and Asia. It was called
Beringia.
From migration, we get the word immigrant. Today,
an immigrant is a person who moves from one
country to a new country.
The Aztec Civilization
began in the Valley of
Mexico. They settled on an
island in Lake Texcoco, in
1325. It took time to
develop, but lasted through
the early 1500s.
The Aztec people
were able to change a
swampy lake into a
great city, which was
called Tenochtitlan.
This was its capital
city.
When the Spanish arrived to the
New World, Moctezuma was the
leader of the Aztecs. He
demanded much from his people.
The Incas - People of the Sun!
Descendants of
the Incans can be
found today along
the west coast of
South America
in:
South America
Columbia
Ecuador
Peru
Bolivia
C
H
I
L
Peru, Ecuador,
Bolivia, Chile and
Columbia.
E
The Incan
government was
able to take
census and
collect taxes
because of the
large scale
road system
that they built.
Another great achievement of the Incas
was a series of canals and pipes known
as aqueducts. They would bring water
to dry land.
Pachacuti
became
Incan ruler in
1438.
Eastern
Europe
Marco Polo’s Journey
China
Sahara
Dessert
Arabia
India
Pacific
Ocean
When Europeans heard of Marco Polo’s travels and the riches that he found, many
wanted to find a quicker route to the far east. Columbus began the journeys by traveling
west, not realizing that two continents and two oceans would stop him and his crew.
Balboa reaches the calm Pacific shores
Henry Hudson sailing up the Hudson River, of all places
Christopher Columbus
The Age of Explorers 1492 – 1630
This was a time of exploration and discovery. Columbus, Hudson,
Magellan, Balboa and countless other explorers left their homelands in
Europe to find shorter trade routes, at first. There is evidence that Leif
Erikson and other Vikings reached North America around 1000 A.D.
Although others made it to the
Western Hemisphere first,
Christopher Columbus arrived in the New World in
1492. He traveled across the Atlantic, hoping to find
a shorter route to East Indies and Asia.
When Cortes arrived in Mexico, he
found many of the local tribes
were willing to assist him overtake
Moctezuma.
By 1521, the
Aztecs were
defeated by
Cortes
Conquistadors would search the New
World for riches and claim the land for
Spain.
Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish
conquistador who sailed to
South America, in 1531.
By 1535, Pizarro had conquered
most of the Incan empire, which
included the capitol of Cuzco.
It only took 15 years for the
Spanish to defeat 2 powerful
empires in America. The
Spanish had more powerful
weapons, and they brought
disease to America, which
the Native Americans had
never experienced.
Although the Spanish had fewer men
than the Aztec, they had horses and
superior weapons. They brought
disease to America, which the Native
Americans had never experienced.
Within the first 50 years of Spanish
colonization, the Native American
population went from approximately
25,000,000 to 3,000,000.
Within the first 50 years after
the Spanish arrived, the Native
American population went
from approximately 25,000,000
to 3,000,000.
Any ideas why this happened?
.
.
What do you think it lead to?
If you said the reasons for decline in
population of Native Americans were:
Malnutrition, overwork or European
diseases, you would be right!
And without the Native Americans to
work the mines, and haciendas, as
slaves, the Spanish began to bring
African slaves to the new world.
The triangular trade route is now complete. It starts in
Europe, with trade items like guns, ammunition, cloth and
salt. The ships traveled to Africa exchanging their goods
for slaves. On to the West Indies to exchange for the final
load, rum and sugar. The ships then returned to Europe.
Canada
Europe
America
Caribbean
Islands
Africa
South America
The world got a little closer and shared its wealth as a result of the age of
exploration. It was known as the Columbian Exchange. Up to that time, Europe
was without tomato, corn (maize) and cacao bean (the source of chocolate).
The new world got grapes, bananas and horses to name just a few.
The Spanish were not alone in the
exploration of the New World. Holland,
France and England joined the
exploration.
Escape Poverty
Political
Oppression
English settlers came to America for
a variety of reasons – mostly to escape
problems they faced in England, and to
start a new life!
Indentured Servant
Religious Freedom
The first permanent English settlement was Jamestown, Virginia.
French settlers
were interested in
fur trade.
As a result of the 1763
Treaty of Paris, Great
Britain gained
complete control over
Canada.