Transcript Spanish Exploration 1492-1600

Early Exploration
1492-1600
Reasons for Exploration
The Plague and Warfare
New Trade Routes
New Technology
Mercantilism/Gold
Spread Christianity
Prince Henry the
Navigator
1.
Son of King John I of Portugal
2.
Supported Portugal’s
Exploration and Trade with
Africa and Asia
3.
Invented or encouraged the use
of the Caravel and Astrolabe
4.
Deathly afraid of water
Christopher Columbus
Background

1. Born in Genoa, Italy in 1451

2. An experienced sailor, and
cartographer (mapmaker)

3. Searched for faster trade
routes to India and China, other
than the ones found in Marco
Polo’s journals.

4. Originally asked the
Portuguese for sponsorship in
1484.
Christopher
Columubus
Columbus’s Journey

1. Columbus set sail on
8/3/1492
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2. His ships were the Nina,
Pinta, and Santa Maria

3. Columbus landed in the
“New World” (Hispaniola and
Cuba) on 10/12/1492

4. Columbus would make 4
journeys to the “New World”
from 1492-1502, always
thinking he’d made it to Asia
Reasons to Explore

1. Columbus came in search of
Gold and riches to ship back to
Spain.

2. Spread Christianity, (God)
primarily Roman Catholicism
with the blessing of Pope
Alexander VI.

3. Sought Glory by bringing
some of the natives and samples
of the flora back to Spain.
Spanish Explorers
Explorers
Area Explored
1.
De Soto

Sails up the Mississippi River and explores
the Gulf of Mexico
2.
De Leon

Explores Florida and searches for the
Fountain of Youth
3.
Cortes

Conquers the Aztecs in Mexico
4.
Cabrillo

Explores the Pacific Coast
5.
Coronado

Explores Colorado
6.
Balboa

Discovers the Pacific Ocean

Conquers the Incas in Peru
7.
Pizarro
Portuguese Exploration
Explorers

1. Diaz

2. da Gama

3. Cabral
Area Explored

1. East Coast of Africa and Sails
the Cape of Good Hope.

2. Circumnavigates the coast of
Africa and explores India

3. Explores Brazil
Exploration
Dutch, 6%
English, 11%
French, 11%
Spanish, 56%
Portuguese,
17%
The Treaty of Tordesillas,
1494

Spain:

1. Controls North and South
America except for Brazil.

Portugal:

1. Controls all of Africa and
Islands in the Caribbean and
Brazil.
The Columbian Exchange
St. Augustine, FL
1565
1.
The First Successful European
Colony in North America.
2.
It is the oldest continuous city in
North America
3.
Established Spain’s control of
the east coast of North
America, and acted as a base
for Spanish Pirate raids in the
Caribbean.
Social Pyramid
in Spanish
Colonies
•The Spanish colonial organization
was based on hierarchical structure,
which placed the Spanish at the top
of the colonial society.
•Mestizos were people made up of
Spanish and Native cultures
•Native Americans and Slaves were
at the bottom of the Social
Structure.
Spanish
Mestizos
(people of
mixed
race)
Native People
and African
Slaves
The Mission System

1. To establish security for its
colonies, including its most
valuable; New Mexico, Spain
established the Mission System.

2. The Mission System was
created by Fr. Junipero Serra

3. Missions were established
along the frontier from
California (San Francisco) to
South Carolina.