Transcript Explorers and Age of Discovery Notes

Age of Exploration
Obj: Identify Explorers
and their Motives
Team Portugal
Bartolomeu Dias
First
to sail around Cape of
Good Hope (Southern tip of
Africa)
Dias wanted to
name the Cape
“The Cape of
Storms” because
of the fierce
storms that his
ships
encountered.
Ferdinand Magellan
 First
to circumnavigate (go
around) the globe.
Vasco da Gama
 First
to sail directly from
Europe to India (1497 - 1498)
Vasco da
Gama’s
landing
at
Calicut,
India
Prince Henry the Navigator
 Patron
of explorers (like a Coach)
-Create navigation schools
-Used new technology
Ex: Magnetic Compass, Accurate
Maps, Faster ships (caravel)
-Pushed for exploration
Q: Is there another modern or
historical figure who pushed for new
ideas?
Portuguese Empire
Team Spain
Christopher Columbus
 Sailed
for Spain
 Discovered the “New World”
 (Bahamas,
 Enslaved
Cuba, Hispaniola, etc.)
native islanders, made
them mine for gold
Hernando Cortez
Conquered
Mexico for Spain
(defeating Aztecs)
 Aztecs
thought he was sent from
the gods
 Brought
horses+gunpowder
 He exploited this to force
Montezuma to surrender
 Enslaved indigenous population
(local people)
Francisco Pizarro
 Conquered
Incan Empire
Cortez and
Pizarro’s men
were
Conquistadors
(heavily armed
Spanish
warriors).
Conquistadors
means
“Conquerors”
Team England: Sir Francis
Drake
 First
Englishman to
circumnavigate the globe
 Helped defeat Spanish Armada
(1588)
 Engaged in Piracy: Stole from the
Spanish
Team France: Jacques Cartier
 First
to lay claims in Canada
 Searching for North West
passage.
Motivations for Exploration
4ab
 God:
to spread (diffuse)
Christianity
 Religious
groups (Puritans, Protestants,
Catholics) come to New World
 and convert indigenous (native) people
to Christianity.
 Gold
(or anything valuable)
 Demand
for gold, spices, and
natural resources in Europe
 Example:
 Pepper cost $20.00 a pound.
 Do the Math:
 50 ton ship x 2,000 x 20=
Glory
 Political
/ economic
competition
TECHNOLOGY 4a
 Inventions
/ innovations in
navigational arts from China,
Ottomans, other countries
 Prince Henry the Navigator
combined all the new technology.
 Better
ships (Caravel)
 Accurate maps
 Better Instruments (magnetic
compass)
Exploration Impact: Europeans
R.A.C.E.D. to conquer the
Americas (4c)
Create a chart that looks like the following
in your notes: Make the “R” row 5 spaces.
R
A
C
E
D
R:
Rigid class system and
dictatorships in Latin America.
Encomienda System=right of
Spain to demand work/money
from natives.
Spanish on top
Native
Americans,
slaves on
bottom
Mestizos--part
Spanish, part
Native
American
A:
Africans brought to
Americas as slaves
The cargo hold of
a slave ship was
hot, cramped, and
putrid.
C:
Colonies imitate culture and social patterns of
parent country.
 Ex: Language, Customs, traditions, religion
 1. Mexico=Catholic Religion because Spain was
Catholic
 2. United States= English-heritage because Great
Britain created colonies.
 3. Brazil=Portuguese Language

E:
They
Europeans
immigrate to
Americas
claim more land for their
country
D:
Diseases kill Natives
Americans
Demise
of
Aztec, Maya,
and Inca
Empires
Small Pox
Impact on Africa (4c)

Create trading posts along the coast that
trade in slaves and gold
Impact in Asia (4c)
Colonization by small groups of merchants
(India, Japan, China)
 Influence of trading companies
-Portuguese
-British
-Dutch

Where did they R.A.C.E.D to? (Use Map)
 Spain
 North/South
Philippians
America, China, Japan,
 Portugal
 Brazil,
Japan
Coast of Africa, India, China,
 France
 Quebec
(Eastern Canada), Western
America, India, Haiti, China
 England
 Eastern
America, India, Australia,
South Africa, China, Japan