Transcript British Empire - Immaculateheartacademy.org

The Age of
Exploration
Europe looks outward.
The Age of Exploration
• A period of European voyages of
exploration and discovery, long-distance
trade and commerce, and the outward
expansion of European power
(colonialism) and influence.
• Many areas of the world, which before had
been unaware of each other’s existence,
now came into contact with each other.
British Empire
French
Empire
Spanish Empire
Portuguese Empire
DUTCH EMPIRE
Areas of the world colonized by Europeans: 1400-1925
Things Brought to Other Regions of
the World
•
•
•
•
•
European cultural attitudes.
Religion
Ideas on government.
Technology.
Language
ATLANTIC
POWERS:
Eng
Neth
France
Spain
Portugal
• Portugal
• Spain
• France
• England
• Netherlands
The Rise of the Atlantic Rim
• In the 16th Century, the economic and
political center of power of Europe shifted
to the Atlantic Rim. Why do you think
this happened?
• In formulating your response, think of what
you have learned about the following: the
rise of trade and towns, the rise of national
monarchies, the political condition of Italy,
the Protestant Reformation.
Spice Trade Before 15th Century
FOUR ROUTES
to the EAST
• ITALY: East
Mediterranean
• PORTUGAL:
South around
Africa
• SPAIN: West
across the
Atlantic
• ENG/FR/NETH:
Northwest
Passage
Portuguese Caravel
• Caravel: New type of heavy ship
• Multiple sails: Efficient use of
wind
Iberian Peninsula in the 15th
Century
Surrender of Granada
Spain gets into the act…
Columbus sails west across the
Atlantic Ocean seeking Asia
Search for the
Northwest passage
The Spanish in Mexico
Quetzalcoatl
Tenochtitlan
Aztec Temple of the Warriors
Aztec Human Sacrifice
IMPACT ON HUMAN
POPULATIONS:
•Population decline in
the Americas
•Population rise globally
•Population shifts
TEN MILLION AFRICANS
AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE
• 40% Caribbean Islands
• 36% Brazil
• 20% Spanish America
• 4% British America
Raw
Materials
Finished
goods
Slaves
Mercantililism
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Closed economic system
Designed to enrich the “mother country”
Colonies provide raw materials
Mother country supplies finished goods
Goal=favorable balance of trade
Inefficient
Smuggling
Resentment