Transcript Ch. 6 Section 1

The Age of Exploration
Ch. 6 Sec. 1
Exploration and Expansion
Motives and Means
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14th century conquest by the
Ottoman Empire made travel to the
East by land difficult.
Motive’s
1. riches and expanded travel.
2. Desire to spread the catholic faith.
3. Adventure and Glory.
3 G’s
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God
Glory
Gold
Motives and Means con.
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Europeans acquired technology from
the Arabs.
They took maps that Arabs had
made to explore.
Europeans were able to build ships
that could sail against the wind.
Imperialism
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The extension of a nation’s power
over other lands. The nation had
control over the economic, political,
and social lives of their subjects.
Mercantilism - a set of principles
that dominated economic thought in
the 17th century, it held that the
prosperity of a nation depended on a
large supply of gold and silver.
The Portuguese Trading Empire
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Portugal took the lead in European
exploration.
Sailed along the African coast looking
for gold.
Vasco da Gama
Da Gama con.
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Sailed to India in 1498.
He took a cargo of spices and
returned to make a profit of 3,000%.
The route became well traveled.
Portuguese to the spice trade from
the Muslims. (thanks to Admiral
Alfonso de Albuquerque)
The route
Voyages to America
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Portuguese sailed east to reach the
spices, the Spanish sailed west to
find it.
Italian Christopher Columbus
believed he could make Asia
traveling west.
1492- Columbus found Cuba, which
he thought was Asia.
Columbus
Columbus con.
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In his four voyages, he explored
Caribbean Islands and Honduras –
which he called the Indies.
Treaty of Tordesillas
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Spain
West
Portugal
East
Amerigo Vespucci
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Discovered America. (Amerigo)
The Spanish Empire
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Spanish
conquerors of
America –
conquistadors.
By 1550, Spain
controlled N.
Mexico.
Queen Isabella
declared the
natives were her
subjects.
Spanish con.
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Forced labor, starvation, and disease
took a toll on the Native Americans.
Mexico’s population dropped from
25 million to 3 million after the
Spanish arrived.
Economic Impact and Competition
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Economic – Gold, silver, sugar,
cotton, dyes, vanilla, and hides from
livestock followed into Spain.
Eastern spices, jewels, silk, carpets,
ivory, leather, and perfumes followed
into Portugal.
Competition
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17 century, an English fleet sailed to
India and est. trade.
The Dutch arrived in India in 1595.
Dutch formed the East India Trading
Company/ also the West India
Trading company for the Americas.
Do Not Write
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Dutch colony of New Netherlands
was in modern New York.
Names like Stanton Island and
Harlem come from the Dutch.
Competition
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The Dutch were kicked out of New
Netherlands.
French took over Canada
English est. a colonial empire along
North America’s seaboard.
Colony – settlement of people living
in a new territory, linked with the
parent country by trade and gov’t.
Review
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What were the 3 G’s?
What is imperialism?
Who took the lead in European
exploration?
Who sailed to India in 1498 looking for
spices?
Who discovered America?
Who established a colonial empire along
the eastern seaboard of the America’s?