Transcript Test Review
• 5/1 Focus: – Between 1400 and 1700 explorers set out on great voyages of discovery and news of new lands spread, countries scrambled to setup colonies in hopes of gaining wealth • Do Now: – What process is shown in this image? Test Review 1. The primary reason the Bantu-speaking people of West Africa migrated southward and eastward between 500 B.C. and A.D. 1500 was to a) b) c) d) flee warfare seek religious freedom establish a colonial empire find land for farming and grazing – European dependence on spices from Asia – Invention of the compass and astrolabe – Rise of nation-states in Europe 2. These developments influenced the start of the a) b) c) d) Crusades Reformation Renaissance Age of Exploration 3. A similarity between the ancient western African kingdoms of Mali, Ghana, and Songhai is that these kingdoms a) b) c) d) limited the power of their rulers established economies based on trade practiced Christianity isolated themselves from contact with other cultures – I. Rise of Civilizations of Ghana and Mali • A. ______________________ • B. Spread of Islam • C. Development of centers of learning 4. Which term best completes the partial outline above? a) b) c) d) Use of gunpowder Development of Hammurabi’s Code Trade of gold and salt Distribution of the printing press 5. The Aztec use of the calendar and the Maya writing system both illustrate that pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas a) b) c) d) traded extensively with Africa declined because of invasion and disease flourished prior to European contact converted others to Islam 6. How did the Inca adapt to their physical environment? a) They built large fishing fleets to feed their populations. b) They built footbridges that connected their roads across the Andes. c) They established extensive trade agreements with Europe. d) They raised cattle and horses on the pampas. 7. The purpose of the Encomienda system in Latin America was to a) control overpopulation in urban centers b) convert native peoples to Protestantism c) obtain labor and taxes from the native peoples in the Spanish colonies d) introduce political ideas into the colonies gradually • Smallpox outbreak spreads throughout Mexico. • Spanish and Portuguese are introduced to chocolate, peanuts, tomatoes, and corn. • Cortés brings Aztec gold and silver treasures to Spain. 8. Which situation is illustrated in these statements? a) empathy of Europeans for Native American Indian civilizations b) triangular trade and its effects on agrarian economies c) the relatively high costs of colonialism d) the impact of contact between different peoples 9. A direct result of the conquest of Tenochtitlán by Hernán Cortés in 1521 was the a) expulsion of Jews and Muslims from Spain b) establishment of Portuguese trade routes around Africa c) fall of the Aztec Empire d) conquest of the Kush Kingdom 10.What was one effect of the Columbian exchange? a) rapid decline in European population b) economic instability in China and Japan c) introduction of new foods to both Europe and the Americas d) spread of Hinduism into Latin America 11. The term “mercantilism” is defined as an economic system in which a) prices are determined by the laws of supply and demand b) colonies exist for the benefit of the colonial power c) factors of production are owned by the government d) the proletariat benefit at the expense of the bourgeoisie Ottomans take control of Byzantine and disrupt overland spice trade routes Italian merchants and Muslim traders charge high prices for Asian goods Spain and Portugal begin searching for sea routes to Asia Impact of Technology on Exploration Technology Impact Compass Chinese invention that allowed sailors to know what direction they were traveling Printing Press Allowed books to made cheaply and quickly; increased spread of ideas including geography Astrolabe Alllowed sailors to determine their latitude Caravel Larger ships which could hold more cargo Voyages of Exploration Explorer Zheng He Dias Vasco De Gama Magellan Columbus Country Significance China Sailed around the Indian Ocean and along the East Coast of Africa Portugal Portugal Spain Spain First to sail around the southern tip of Africa First European to sail directly to India Circumnavigated the globe Discovered the Americas in 1492 Built Step Pyramids Developed hieroglyphic writing Developed concept of zero Kept records on knotted strings called Quipas Developed calendars (2) Established schools Advanced knowledge of astronomy Used slash and burn farming technique Capital city built by filling in parts of lake Developed floating gardens Yucatan Peninsula Built system of roads and bridges to connect empire Used terraces to farm in mountains. Central Mexico West Coast of South America Animism Worship spirits or forces in nature Shinto Characteritics Presence of natural barriers such as the Sahara Desert and the interior plateau Few natural harbors Geography of Africa Effect Limited movement of people Restricted trade by sea Events in African History Event Effect The Bantu Migration Spread Bantu language; cultural diffusion Establishement of TransSaharan Gold and Salt Trade Routes Increased wealth of W. African kingdoms Spread Islam to W. Africa Mansa Musa makes the hajj to Mecca Exposed world to the wealth of Mali empire Returned to make Mali a center of Islamic learning and culture The Atlantic slave trade Disrupted W. African society and politics Millions of Africans brought to the Americas Positive Negative Arrival of new foods led to population growth New products increased economic activity in Europe Cultural Diffusion Death of Millions of Native Americans from disease The Columbian Exchange Slavery List three principles associated with Mercantilism: Countries should develop surpluses of gold and silver Establish a favorable balance of trade Colonies exist to provide raw materials to the colonial power and a market to buy finished goods from the colonial power