Transcript Trade Networks of Asia and Africa

Chapter
1 Section 3
Objectives
• Learn about the role played by Muslims in world
trade.
• Discover how great trading states rose in East
Africa and West Africa.
• Find out how China dominated an important
trade route across Asia.
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Terms and People
• Muhammad – the prophet and founder of Islam
• Mansa Musa – a Muslim ruler of the Mali
empire during its height
• navigation – the science of locating the
position and plotting the course of ships
• Zheng He – a Chinese explorer who made
several voyages to trade with nations in Asia
and Africa
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How did trade link Europe, Africa, and
Asia?
From the earliest times, trade linked groups
who lived at great distances from one
another.
Merchants carried their cultures with them
as they traveled along their established
trade routes.
Trade Networks of Asia and Africa
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The Silk Road, one of the great trade routes of
ancient times, stretched 5,000 miles from China
to Persia.
Trade Networks of Asia and Africa
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Merchants on the Silk Road brought silk,
jade, pottery, spices, and bronze goods from
China to Middle Eastern and European
markets.
Along the way, they traded in the Middle East for
spices and other products.
Trade Networks of Asia and Africa
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China established trade links with India,
Korea, Japan, the Middle East, and Africa.
China’s trade centers grew into
cities, and by the 1200s,
Hangzhou was one of the
largest cities in the world.
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China made great strides in technology that made
trading easier:
• printing with movable type
• the magnetic compass, a great advance in
navigation
N
W
E
S
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By the 1300s, Chinese ships were sailing routes
that stretched from Japan to East Africa.
The Chinese explorer Zheng He made several
voyages with a large fleet of ships and traded with
30 nations throughout Asia and Africa.
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Trade in Africa
began with Egypt
in 3100 B.C.
In about A.D. 1000,
trade centers
began to appear in
eastern Africa.
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Zimbabwe, the
largest trade
center, lay on a
trade route
between the east
coast and the
interior of Africa.
Zimbabwe became
the center of a
flourishing empire
in the 1400s.
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Trade brought prosperity to a number of cities,
including Kilwa, along the east coast of Africa.
Goods traded by Africans included:
pottery
gold
cloth
ivory
furs
An active slave trade also developed
between East Africa and Asia across the
Indian Ocean.
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Trade networks also
linked the Middle East
and West Africa.
Ghana, the first major
trade center in West
Africa, grew rich from
its trade in gold and
salt.
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War and shifting trade routes eventually
weakened Ghana, which was absorbed into the
empire of Mali in the 1200s.
Mali reached its height under
the Muslim ruler Mansa Musa.
Timbuktu, a city in the Mali
empire, became a center of
learning.
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In the 1400s,
Mali weakened,
and eventually
the empire was
replaced by the
Songhai Empire.
Trade Networks of Asia and Africa
Songhai rulers
expanded trade
across the Sahara,
captured Timbuktu
in 1468, and made
the city a center of
Islamic learning.
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The growth in trade was also linked to the
rise of the religion of Islam.
In the 600s, Islam was founded on the Arabian
Peninsula by the prophet Muhammad.
Muslims believe in one
God, and their sacred
book is called the Quran.
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Islam spread rapidly when Arab armies swept
across North Africa and into Spain.
Muslim merchants also spread their religion far
into Africa, and from Persia to India.
Millions of people across Europe, Asia, and
Africa became Muslims.
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Arab scholars made important contributions to
mathematics, medicine, astronomy, and
technology, including:
ships with
sails that
could catch
wind coming
from any
direction
the
development
of algebra
a
measurement
of the size of
Earth
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By the 1500s, a global trading network linked the
civilizations of Europe, Africa, and Asia.
The Silk Road became less important when
alternative sea routes were discovered.
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