Transcript Third Punic War Through Attempts at Reform

Today’s Flipped Lesson
1. WRAPPING UP PUNIC WAR #2
2. PUNIC WAR #3 WAS A QUICK HITTER
3. THE EFFECTS OF CONQUEST
4. TIBERIUS GRACCHUS
The Second Punic War
 As we saw
yesterday,
Hannibal was a
tough enemy, but
eventually, was
defeated by the
Romans. But his
memory will live
on.
Rome wins – 201 BCE
Answers to the Video Questions
Study Guide
Study Guide
The Third Punic War
 149 BCE
 Carthage regaining power
 Romans attacked
 Carthaginians were finished
 Rome attacked Corinth, Greece, for good measure.
264 BCE
50 BCE
120 AD
The Effects of Conquest
 Decline of the Roman Republic (135 BCE)
 Due to Hannibal
 Small Farms to Large Estates (latifundias)
 What was grown on these estates?
 What did this cause?
 Luxuries bought in other cities=Merchants grew poor
 Who worked the latifundias?
 Farmers lost land/independence
 Farmers moved to Rome – awful living conditions
 What did this cause?
 Government officials busy getting rich
 Rich-----------------------------------------------------Poor
Roman Reform
Next 100 years spent trying to
improve Rome.
REFORMERS
Tribune Tiberius Gracchus (133 BCE)
 Limit land ownership
 Gave public lands to the poor
 Ran for a second term (against the
law)
 Killed with his followers by the
Senate.
Gaius Gracchus
 Tiberius’s younger brother,
Tribune in 123 B.C.
 Had government take over
sale of wheat and sell it to the
poor below market price.
 Eventually, 1/3 Romans were
receiving wheat for free
 Senate felt threatened and in
121 B.C. had him killed
Military Leadership - Gaius Marius
GENERALS
 General who became consul in 107
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B.C.
First lower class Roman to be elected
this high
Opened the Army to everyone –
provided jobs to the poor (made
being a Roman soldier a full time
job)
Offered pay, land, pensions, and
items.
Loyalty was to the general that hired
them, not Rome.
Marius
Military Leadership - Lucius Sulla
 General who opposed Marius; Sulla
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took his army and seized the city.
Civil War broke out, in the end Sulla
made himself dictator of Rome.
Believed power of Senate was key to
end Rome’s troubles.
Senators had more duties, power of
Tribunes weakened.
Generals could not have more than
one year at a time.
Sulla “Proscripted” all followers of
Marius.
A young Caesar was spared, was
nervous, left Rome to join the army.
78 BCE Sulla dies.
Caesar can return to Rome.
Sulla
Study Guide Answers
Study Guide Answers
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