Transcript Roman - Chatt

The Rise of
ROME
Greek Presence on the
Italian Peninsula
Between the Greek Dark ages and the Persian Wars
(800-550 BCE) Greeks colonized the Northeast Portion of
the peninsula
Followed the Greek City-State model
Rome vs. Greece
323 BCE – Disintegration of Alexander’s Empire
307 BCE – Founding and Rise of Successor States
215 BCE – Macedonian Wars
148 BCE – Rome conquers Greek peninsula
133 BCE – Roman Incursion into Hellenistic States
31 BCE – Rome Defeats Cleopatra
The Italian
Peninsula
Boot shaped, juts out
into the Mediterranean
Easy access to Africa,
Spain, France, Middle
East
Largely mountainous,
Apennines Mountains,
Alps
Three fertile areas: Po
River (Northern Plain)
Latium Plain,
Campania region
The Birth of
Rome
Legend: Romulus and
Remus
Early settlement of the
region by Europeans
and Eastern peoples
circa 1200 BCE
Rome established in
the Latium region
(Tiber river) circa 800
BCE by the “Latins”
http://www.historyonth
enet.com/Lessons/Le
gendofrome/story.htm
The Estruscans
By 800 BCE the
Estruscans occupied
the region north of
Rome
A well developed
society with mandatory
military service, fine
arts, and gladiators
Around 600 BCE the
Estruscans successfully
took over Rome
“Tarquin the Proud”
removed in 509 BCE
Etruscan Tombs
Establishing the Roman Republic
A “Republic” formed in
509 BCE in which
elected officials ran the
government
Lasted almost 500
years
Successfully defended
against the Gauls,
Etruscans, Greeks by
organizing troops into
Legions
By 265 BCE Rome
controlled all of Italy
Obelix and Asterix: Gauls
circa 50 BCE
The Punic Wars - “N” not “B”
Rivalry over land (Carthage area
and Sicily) incited war between the
Carthaginians and Romans
First Punic War 263-241: Rome
invaded Sicily, Rome won against
Hamilcar Barca
Second Punic War 218-202 BCE:
Hannibal invaded Rome from the
North, Carthaginians eventually lost
Third Punic War 149-146 BCE:
Carthage built up their army, Rome
quickly won
Hannibal
The Rise of the Roman Empire
The Successor States
Zenith of Hellenistic Culture
Antigonous – Macedonia
Selucus – old Persian Empire
Ptolemy – Egypt
Culturally united although never at peace
Egyptian resurgence as a unified and independent
state
Alexandria = greatest urban center
Macedonian Wars
Macedonia joined Carthage (Phoenician state in
North Africa) in it’s struggles against Rome
146 – Rome brings all of Greek Peninsula under
their control
Roman Incursions
133 BCE - Pergamum willed to Rome with death of ruler
Selucid kingdom conquered in 65 BCE
31 BCE – Cleopatra’s forces defeated by Octavian and
Roman Navy