Transcript Question - Lebanon City Schools

Culture…
way of life
Civilization…
society with a developed
knowledge of farming, trading,
gov’t, art & science
Technology…
the application of scientific
knowledge to serve man
Domesticated…
tamed
Dynasty…
series of rulers from the same
family, mainly found in a Monarchy
form of government.
Neolithic Revolution…
people began to farm and
domesticate animals
Polytheistic…
belief in many gods
Monotheistic…
belief in one God
B.C. and A.D.
Before Christ & in the year of our
Lord (Anno Domini)
B.C.E. and C.E.
Before Common Era & Common
Era
Constititution…
written laws used to govern a
state; “law of the land”
Polis…
Greek city states; city and the
farmlands surrounding it. Has its
own government, laws, military
Democratic…
favor the equality of all people
Oligarchy…
government in which a few people
rule
Monarchy…
country ruled by a king of a
queen; hereditary
Tyranny…
unjust use of power seized by one
person
Mythology…
stories that were told to explain
the mysteries of life; popular in
Greece
Century…
groups of 100
Plebeians…
poor, lower class citizens of
ancient Rome
Patrician…
oldest and wealthiest citizens in
ancient Rome
How did the Neolithic Revolution
change life for humans?
People went from hunting and
gathering to farming; people began to
settle down into cities –specialization
occurs.
Cradles of Civilization?
where people first settled and farmed along
the Nile R. (Egypt), Tigris/Euphrates R.
(Mesopotamia), Indus R. (Pakistan/India) and
the Huang He (China)
River Valleys and their
civilizations?
where people settled in order to be
close to a water source, a food source,
protection, transportation, irrigation and
fertile soil
Hammurabi’s Code?
One of the first large code of law;
it was to be fair and just in order
for society to function
Advantages of trade?
1) gain products your country does not have
2) helps a country’s economy
3) cultural diffusion- culture and ideas are traded
along with tangible goods (products).
Explain what was traded in
Ghana and the way these items
were traded?
gold from Ghana was traded for salt
(from North Africa) by silent barter;
cultural diffusion also took place
How geography influenced
civilizations?
1. Rivers
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
fertile soil from flooding
water source for daily uses
food source
transportation
irrigation
Protection
2. Mountains/Valley
a. communication/ transportation difficult
b. natural barriers
c. farming is difficult in mountains
How geography influenced
civilizations?
3. Climate
1. Temperatures affect what crops can be grown
2. Temperatures affect the length of the growing
season
3. Rain/dry affects farming
4. Deserts
1. limits farming
2. creates a need for irrigation
3. natural barrier for protection
4. limits travel and communication
Achievements of
Mesopotamia?
earliest known civ., irrigation, the
wheel, the plow, cuneiform writing,
sailboat, 1st to write down laws
Achievements of Shang?
China along the Huang He, used
oracle bones, bronze sculpture,
silk
Achievements of Egypt?
pyramids, mummification, papyrus
paper, mathematics, medicine,
geometry, calendar, ink,
Achievements of
Indus/Harappans?
Indus R. Valley; planned
communities, cotton, sanitation
pipes
Achievements of Hebrews?
First Monotheistic religion; God
was just, therefore people
should be just
Achievements of Minoans?
ancient Crete; indoor plumbing,
bull leaping, frescoes
Achievements of Greeks?
mythology, philosophy, science,
engineering, physics, type of gov’t
(democracy), etc
Explain the differences
between Sparta and Athens?
Sparta:
military at age 7
gov’t-oligarchy
strong army
did not farm or trade
did not support the arts
Athens:
school at age 7
gov’t- democracy
strong navy
did farm and trade
did support the arts
The “Golden Age” of Greece?
700BC -400 BC; period of time when the
Greeks made great contributions to the
sciences and to the arts including the great
philosophers Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
Purpose of Greek Mythology?
told to explain the mysteries of
life; Greek gods and goddesses
Differences between America’s
democracy and democracy in
Athens?
America
Athenian
Representative-vote on one person
Direct –all citizens directly vote
to represent you in government
Citizenship is not as limited
Citizenship is limited to
free males over 18
Who fought in the Punic Wars
and why were they fought?
Rome and Carthage in North Africa fight over
trade routes and ports along the
Mediterranean Sea; in a series of three wars,
Rome defeats Carthage every time and
permanently destroys Carthage.
What change occurred to farming
in Rome after the Punic Wars?
Small farms sold to create large estates,
farmers moved to cities where there were no
jobs, farmers sold their votes to make money
since there were no jobs.
Who was Julius Caesar and
why is he famous?
Dictator of Rome whom the Senate felt
wanted to make himself king so they
assassinated him. He also reformed the
Republic to make lasting change for the
Plebeians.
What is a triumvirate and what
type of government is it?
Three (3) rulers of Rome; it is a
type of oligarchy
What changes brought down
the Roman Republic?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Government taxed the Plebeians.
Plebeian farms destroyed b/c of Punic wars.
Plebeians farmers gave up their land and headed to the city.
City full of disease, lack of jobs, lack of proper sanitation.
Poor got poorer, rich got richer.
Goods got bought overseas for cheaper prices.
Large estates created by Patricians (from Plebeian land) worked by
slaves.
Government corruption (buying and selling of votes)