Transcript 6.1 Rome Notes

6.1: Early
Romans Create
a Republic
LegendRome was
founded by
twins
Romulus &
Remus in
753 B.C
Romans modeled
their philosophy
& lit. after
Greece
(Zeus became
Jupiter)
What things are
named after Roman
gods?
The Early Republic
Last king (Tarquin) was replaced
by a republic= a form of gov’t
which power rests
w/ citizens who have
the right to vote to
select their leaders
Struggles for power in the early republic
 Patricians= $ land owners who held most of the
(minority)
power
 Plebeians= little $ (majority)
farmers, artisans,
&merchants
 Unwritten laws= unfair ruling
of plebeians
 12 tables= 1st written laws of
Rome- publicly displayed
Gov’t Under the Republic
 2 consuls controlled army & gov’t; 1yr term
(powerful officials elected each year to command the army and direct
the gov’t)
 Senate- 300 members (term held for life)
 Assemblies- all citizen-soldiers; appointed
consuls
 Praetors- 8 judges (criminal & civil)
DictatorChosen by consuls, elected
by senate in times of crisis;
term lasted 6 mo
Dictator- Chosen by consuls,
elected by senate in times of
crisis; term lasted 6 mo
2 consuls controlled
army & gov’t; 1yr
term
Senate300 members
Serve for life
Assembliesall citizen-soldiers
(appointed the consuls)
Roman Senate
Roman Army
 All landowners had to serve
 Organized into legions= infantry & cavalry
Rome Spreads its Power
 3 Punic Wars: Rome v. Carthage
on/off about 100 yrs; Rome
defeated Carthage
(Rome won all 3 wars)
Hannibal, a Carthigan
General, almost captured
Rome during the 2nd Punic
War
 Who founded the city of Rome?
 Who did the Romans improve on?
 What characterizes a republic as a form of gov’t?
 Difference b/t plebeians & patricians?
 Who commanded the army & directed the gov’t?
 What about during times of crisis?
 What is the huge military unit?
 What were the Punic Wars?
 What is the evidence that Hannibal was an excellent
military strategist?