Transcript Gender Chapter 11:1 - Annapolis High School

Welcome 
1. Grab your folder
2. check and make sure the following papers
are in your folders and in order: (if you need
any of these let me know now)
– 1. Unit 1 Study Guide
– 2. New Table of contents
– 3. Chapter 5 Notes
– 4. Birth order survey HW
– 5. Analyzing the stages in childhood socialization
– 6. Analyzing Childhood Socialization HW
Skittle activity…
Warm-up:
7 min.
How did you show me Piaget’s stages of
development?
*1. Sensory-motor Stage (birth-age 2)
Children learn by interacting with their environment through
the use of their senses and through muscular movements
2. Preoperational Stage (ages 2-7)
Children begin learning the use of symbols (language), have
self-centered thinking, and do not understand the law of
conservation (the matter can change in appearance and
shape and size and configuration without changing in
volume).
3. Concrete Operations (ages 7-11)
Children do understand the law of conversation and are
capable of concrete, logical thinking.
4. Formal Operations (ages 11-adult)
Children are capable of “higher” thinking and thinking in the
abstract
Video:
With that being said it is time to
revisit classroom expectations:
2BList of general classroom expectations we
are to follow:
With that being said it is time to
revisit classroom expectations:
4BList of general classroom expectations we
are to follow:
HW from last class:
Analyzing Childhood
Socialization
worksheet…what did
you find?
Extra credit last class:
Anyone observe children play groups?
What did you find?
Gender
Chapter 11:1
Objectives:
Section 1: Gender
Analyze how gender roles affect the
opportunities available to men and women
in society.
Explain how gender roles are affected
by socialization.
10
Answer the following
question:
In what ways do men and women differ?
Sex Roles…
Although many young people today say
that they do not believe in any of the “oldfashioned” traditional sex roles, many are
unaware of the existence of those roles in
their own lives.
To identify where the roles do exist, fill out
the questionnaire…
Identify those activities that are
traditionally considered for girls or boys
only.
Discuss..
Write a complaint or “pet peeve” about
members of the opposite sex
Be absolutely certain that what you write is
non-gender specific. Use no other
pronouns other than they
I will collect your complaint and read it out
loud…lets identify if it is for a male or
female…
Gender differences 1
Analyzing Attitudes WS
Gender Differences 2
What is Gender?
Gender: comprises the behavioral and
psychological traits considered
appropriate for men and women:
VS.
Sex: Biological identity
Universal?
Sex characteristics are SAME in ALL
societies.
Gender traits …are socially created and
vary from culture to culture.
Gender Roles and Identity:
Gender roles:
– The specific behaviors and attitudes that a
society establishes for men and women.
EX:
–Women: child-care and domestic duties
–Men: Economic support and physical
safety
for family.
What are sociologists concerned
about?
Gender identity:
– The awareness of being masculine or
feminine as those traits are designed by
culture.
– However, cultural values influence gender
identity and roles…have changed over the
years.
Between Cultures:
Margaret Mead studied 3 New Guinea
societies…discovered differences in
culture.
Tchambuli Society:
Men & women care for children.
Women provided food for family.
Women were bossy and efficient.
Men were gossipy and
artistic.
Men wore cosmetics and
curled hair.
Mundugumor Society:
Aggressiveness was the norm for men
AND women.
Arapesh Society:
Both men AND women were expected to
be passive and emotionally warm.
What does this mean?
Gender roles are socially created
rather than biologically based.
Gender Identity and
Socialization:
Learn appropriate gender-role behavior
through socialization.
– Begins at birth.
– HOW?
Is this nursery rhyme true
today?
What are little boys made of?
What are little boys made of?
Frogs and snails,
And puppy-dogs’ tails,
That’s what little boys are made of.
Expectations of Little Boys:
Adventuresome
Aggressive
Physically active
Good at math and science
Encouraged to prepare for career
Raising Cain:
http://www.pbs.org/opb/raisingcain/
http://nicolettepost.com/2010/12/21/review-pbs-documentaryraising-cain-a-look-at-a-lost-generation-of-boys/
Still Face Experiment:
What are little girls made of?
What are little girls made of?
Sugar and spice
And all that is nice,
That’s what little girls are made of.
Expectations of Little Girls:
Polite, gentle, passive
Excel in reading and social sciences
Creative in arts
Look for marriage and family.
HOWEVER, more young women
encouraged to pursue careers.
Killing us softly:
A Girls Life:
“What is wrong with a society
having sex role stereotypes?”
Brainstorm the negative consequences of
this form of stereotyping.
Be sure to include the negative
consequences that are suffered by men as
well
The family is the most powerful
agent of socialization!!
Gender Roles and Social
Inequality:
Women:
– Adult years in pregnancy/nursing babies.
– Took on roles allowed them to stay close to home.
Men:
– Required strength and travel away from home base.
– Hunters, traders, warriors
– Gained much prestige…source of power within group.
Patriarchy: men are dominant over women.
Conflict Perspective on
Gender Roles:
Gender roles = reflection of male dominance.
Through their control of economic and political
spheres of society, men have established laws
and customs that project their dominant position.
In so doing, men have blocked women's access
to power.
Sexism:
– The belief that one sex is by nature superior
to the other.
– Can become a self-fulfilling prophecy:
People who believe that women are in
some way incapable of occupying positions
of power make choices based on this
belief.
Result lack of women in business,
political, and professions.
Gender Inequality in the United
States:
The Women’s Movement
Education
The World of Work
The Political Arena
The Women’s Movement:
Sexes were socially, politically, and
economically equal.
Suffrage: the right to vote.
– Nineteenth Amendment (1920)
Betty Friedan’s book
The Feminine Mystique
She REJECTED the notion that women were
content with roles of wife and mother.
She argued that the “feminine mystique” – the
glorification of these roles – was simply a ploy to
keep women in a secondary positions in society.
Women began to demand greater opportunities
and fairer treatment.
Other gains in equality:
Congress passed several acts outlawing
gender discrimination in education and in
the workplace.
Education:
In today’s American education:
– 57% women make up in total college
population.
– 56%  women earning all bachelor's degrees
awarded.
Differences in Degrees:
Men:
– Engineering, physical science, architecture.
Women:
– Education, humanities,
library science.
What About Graduate School?
More women attending graduate school.
– Women make up more than 57% of those
enrolled in graduate courses.
– 58% earn Master’s degrees awarded each
year.
HOWEVER,
– Women are LESS likely to pursue doctoral
or professional degrees.
Turn to pg. 269
What about Athletics?
1970s:
Funding for women’s athletics practically
nonexistent at most coeducational
colleges and universities!
Female College athletes: 16%
Female High school athletes: 8%
Education Amendment Act of 1972:
– Bans discrimination on the basis of gender in
any program- including athletics – at any
educational institution receiving federal
funds.
Results:
About 40% of all college athletes are
women.
HOWEVER:
– Less than ¼ of funding for college sports
goes to women's athletics
– Female athletes receive less than one third
of available scholarship money.
The World of Work:
Wage gap have changed among
women:
– The level of women’s income relative to that
of men.
Glass ceiling:
– The invisible barrier that prevents women
from gaining upper-level positions in
business.
What does sociologist Arlie Hochschild
say?
Working wives work a second shift:
– Have household duties to complete.
What about husbands?:
– Normally, do NOT volunteer to help.
– May purposely make a mess in hope that will not
be asked again.
On average, women in U.S have at least 10
hours per week less leisure time than men.
The Political Arena:
Women are MORE LIKELY to vote in
elections!
However, more men hold political positions.
Society is more accepting of women
leaders:
– EX: Hillary Clinton, Condoleezza Rice, etc…
Homework:
Options:
1.
In American society the media plays a part in the socialization of
sex roles. To examine the occurrence and significance of sex
roles in advertising, do the following:
Survey magazine ads and TV commercials that have references to sex.
Log at least 4 examples of each
1. what image of females is portrayed?
2. what image of males is portrayed?
3. Are these images stereotypes?
4. why do ads use sexuality to sell?
5. How does the media affect the socialization process regarding
sex roles?
6. What problems can arise from this?
Option 2:
Watch 2 hours of TV in which you expect to see
different settings for gender roles-situation
comedies, dramas, rock videos.
Keep a list of how often females and males
present themselves as sex objects.
Keep another list of how often males and
females treat members of the opposite sex as
sex objects.
Examine these lists and determine any media
patterns of general role portrayal.
Are these patterns traditional? Liberal? Sexist?
Realistic?
Option 3:
To identify sexism in your school, conduct a
survey to determine whether or not students in
your school would vote for a female president of
the U.S.
1st; what is your hypothesis? Who is more likely
to vote for a female president? Males or
females?
2nd; Take a poll (maybe in the cafeteria) how
many males and how many females would vote
for a female president..
3rd; what were your findings….