Transcript Socialization PowerPoint

SOCIALIZATION
• The lifelong social experience by which
individuals develop their human potential and
learn culture
• Agents of Socialization
– People, institutions, and groups that
influence our self concept, emotions,
attitudes, values, and behavior
The Family
• Social institution found in
all societies that unites people
in cooperative groups to oversee
the bearing and raising of
children
• 1st & most influential
agent of socialization
• Values and beliefs
begin with family
Family: Parents
• Authoritarian
– Obedience=prime virtue
– Because I said so
• Permissive
– Allow self expression
– Few confrontations
• Authoritative
– Confront only after
deviance … allow the child to
learn from their mistakes
Stats & Divorce
• Ideal # of Children for U.S. Adults
*0=1.3% *1=3.4%
*2=50.4%
*3=23.4% *4=8.2%
*5=.7%
(2000 Survey – text p. 474)
• 2000: Over 40% of U.S.
Marriages End in Divorce
– One of the highest rates in the world
Religion
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Helps develop morals
Monotheism
Polytheism
God: Authoritarian? Benevolent?
Critical? Distant?
• 70% of Americans belong to
a church
– Only 40% attend regular services
Religion: Some stats
• % of Americans want a President with strong religious
faith. 70%
• Do you believe in the existence of God or a universal
spirit? Yes: 90%
• Do you believe that Jesus Christ actually lived? Yes: 90%
• Do you believe there is life after death? Yes: 73%
• Do you think there is a heaven where people who have led
good lives are eternally rewarded? Yes: 77%
• Do you believe there is a hell? Yes: 44%
More Religion
• I have no doubts that God exists – 66%
• I believe in a higher power or cosmic force
– 14%
• I believe in God, but with some doubts –
11%
• I don’t believe in anything beyond the
physical world – 5%
Newsweek Survey - 2006
School
• Manifest vs. Latent Functions
– Examples?
• Hidden Curriculum
– values or messages that are present in an agent of socialization
that are latent or not as obvious to some
• Gender socialization
– Gender separated classrooms?
• Emphasis on what you can do … not who you are
– No Child Left Behind: more emphasis on Standardized Tests
– Do you think this is the right way to educate?
Education Cont
• % of population that are college graduates (2000): 26%
• Voucher Programs, Open Enrollment, Chapter 220
• Functional Illiteracy in USA = 21%
• Family Income & College Attendance
– $20,000 - $30,000 = 30%
– $75,000 + = 64%
Peer Groups
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Similar age, interests, social class, ethnic group
1st experience with “equal-status” relationships
Development of social identity
Kids/Teens: Distinctive values and norms from adults
(subculture)
• Groups develops distinct set of symbols/language
• Anticipatory Socialization
– Things you do in social situations in an attempt to
gain acceptance into a social group
• Examples?
Mass Media
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200,000 violent acts by 18
Yearly hours in school: 1250
Yearly hours w/ TV: 1450
6 million videos rented daily
3 million library books
Do TV/Movies affect your peers?
– 10-16: 66% Yes
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TV w/out parents: 90%
Kids see 20,000 ads yearly
54% Kids: TV in bedroom
V Chip: only 15% use it
Page 126 in text
TV: Good or Bad?
• Study: Kids who watch 10+ hours a week
– Overweight
– Aggressive
– Slower in school
• 1990: Children’s Television Act
– 3 hours per week, 7am-10pm, weekly program, 30 minutes in
length
– Traditional Cartoons being replaced
with educational programming
• 1997: TV Rating system (link)
Mass Media and Gender
• Reinforces Gender Stereotypes
• Sex sells!
Disney’s Who Framed Roger
Rabbit?
2002 Rolling Stone Cover
Miley Cyrus: Vogue
Total Institutions
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Attempt to Re-socialize
Dominate the thoughts and actions of members
Segregate emotionally, mentally, physically
Mortification: strip newcomer of possessions, clothes, etc
that may express individuality (personal identity kit)
– This process known as: Degradation Ceremony
• Examples?