Transcript Chapter 4, Socialization

Chapter 4, Socialization
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Coming to Terms: Palestinians and Israelis
Nature and Nurture
The Importance of Social Contact
Individual and Collective Memory
The Role of Groups
Symbolic Interactionism and Self-Development
Cognitive Development
Process of Socialization
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Begins after birth and continues through life.
Develop human capacities and acquire a
unique personality.
Accept norms, values, beliefs, and languages
needed to participate in the community.
Enables culture to be passed on from
generation to generation.
Palestinian and Israeli Conflict
Sociologists ask:
1. How do members of a new generation learn
about and come to terms with the
environment they inherited?
2. How is conflict between groups passed down
from one generation to another?
Nature and Nurture
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Both are essential to socialization.
Human genetic makeup is flexible enough to
enable a person to learn the values, beliefs,
norms, behavior and language of any culture.
Ideas are learned through interaction with
others.
Groups
Two or more people who do the following:
1. Share a distinct identity.
2. Feel a sense of belonging.
3. Interact directly or indirectly with one another.
Primary Groups
Fundamental in forming the social nature and
ideals of the individual
 Family
 Sports team
 Military unit
How Children Learn to Take the
Roles of Others
Three stages, each more sophisticated:
1. Imitation - mimic and imitate people in their
environment.
2. Play - allows children to practice role taking.
3. Games -include rules and structure.
Children and Games
Through games, children learn to:
1. Follow established rules.
2. Take the roles of all participants.
3. See how their position fits in relation to all
other positions.
Looking Glass Self
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People act as mirrors for each other.
We see ourselves reflected in other’s reactions
to our appearance and behaviors.
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
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Sensorimoter stage (birth to age 2)
Preoperational stage (ages 2 to 7)
Concrete operational stage (ages 7 to 12)
Formal operational stage (onset of
adolescence onward)
Resocialization
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Discarding values and behaviors unsuited to
new circumstances
Happens naturally over a lifetime: marriage,
parenthood, new jobs, etc.
Can be imposed: prisons, mental institutions,
schools.