Transcript model
Source
Message
Channel
Linear Model
Receiver
Receiver
Source
Message
Channel
Feedback
Interactional Model
Receiver
7 Elements of the Communication
Process
Source
Message
Channel
Receiver
Feedback
Context
Noise
Formulates message
Information/emotion
Means to send
Receives, interprets
Response
Setting
Interference
Sender
Formulates message
Decides which channel to employ
Can also be called:
– Encoder
– Speaker
– Writer, editor, reporter
Message
Information and or emotion sender
wishes to convey
Channel
The means through which sender sends
message.
Only two human channels:
– Verbal—using words or language whether
written or spoken
– Nonverbal—using means other than words
or languages
Receiver
Receives, interprets and responds to
messages
Can also be called:
– Decoder
– Audience
– Reader, viewer, subscriber
Feedback
The response to a message is called
feedback.
? Added the feedback loop in 19?
No response is also a response.
Context
The environment or setting in which a
communication event occurs.
Three dimensions:
– Where—physiological
– When—temporal
– Why—social-psychological
Noise
Anything that interferes with the
transmission of a message.
Can be any of the 5 senses.
Two basic types:
– External
– Internal
Physiological
Psychological
Noise
Source
Channel
Message
Context
Feedback
Model of the Communication Process
Receiver
Six Types of
Human Communication
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Small Group
Public Speaking
Mass
Mediated
One person
Two people
Three to ?
One to many
One to many
One to one/group