Transcript Struggle & Containment

Struggle & Containment
Post-WWII Relationships
• relationships between Soviet Union &
other Allies worsen
• Cold War: an era of high tension & bitter
rivalry between the United States & the
Soviet Union in the decades following
WWII
Struggle Begins
• military rivalry
-technology of weapons
-number of weapons
• power struggle
-influence in world
-best government, economic policies
-best societies for its people
Struggle Begins
• pro-Soviet Communist governments
established in Eastern Europe nations
-possible because of Soviet military
influence in nations
• exception = Yugoslavia
-no Soviet influence
-Communist dictatorship
Struggle Begins
• communism spread out of Soviet Union
-United States & Great Britain worried
• Stalin & Truman thought another war
would start
“Iron Curtain”
“Iron Curtain”
• Winston Churchill
• division of Communist countries in East
Europe & non-Communist countries in
Western Europe = “Iron Curtain”
The West Resists
• democracies in West wanted to contain
Communism in the East
• early 1947  Greece & Turkey
threatened by Soviet-backed Communists
-West reacted
Truman Doctrine
• created in 1947
• pledge to provide military & economic
aid to countries threatened by
communism
• US Congress sent millions of dollars to
Greece & Turkey
The West Resists
• post-WWII economics in Europe = bad
• Truman feared if conditions worsened,
Europeans might turn to communism
• mid-1947  US Congress launched
program for economic aid to Europe
Marshall Plan
• plan for the economic reconstruction of
Europe after WWII
• provided money for rebuilding &
preserving political stability in Europe
• $13 billion provided to Europe under this
policy
New Nations & Alliances
• United States, Canada, & Western
European countries joined alliance
-military alliance = NATO (North
Atlantic Treaty Organization) in 1949
• Soviet Union & Communist countries in
Eastern Europe joined alliance
-military alliance = Warsaw Pact in 1955
Korean War
• Allies gained control of Korean peninsula
when Japan surrendered in 1945
• Korea temporarily divided in half
-north = Soviet control; Communist
-south = US control; non-Communist
• June 1950  north attacked south
Korean War
• goal in North Korea: unite under one
Communist regime
• US asked UN to approve use of force to stop
North Korea
-UN assembled task force with soldiers
from 17 countries (majority = American)
Korean War
• US General Douglas MacArthur led UN
forces  invaded behind enemy lines
• North pushed almost to Chinese border,
then were helped by Communist Chinese
to push back south
• 1953  armistice; borders mostly where
they were before war
On a sheet of paper…
Using your terms sheet, read the
definitions of the words containment, the
Truman Doctrine, and Marshall Plan.
Explain how the Truman Doctrine and
Marshall Plan promote the policy of
containment. Explain what parts of these
plans support containment. BE SPECIFIC.