Transcript SOL Review: US History

SOL Review: US History
Cold War Era
A similarity between the Red Scare of the 1920’s and
McCarthyism in the 1950’s was that during each
period
1. thousands of American citizens were expelled
from the United States
2. the Communist Party gained many members in
the United States
3. many government employees were convicted of
giving secrets to the Soviet Union
4. the civil liberties of American citizens were
threatened
Which situation resulted from Senator Joseph
McCarthy’s search for Communists within the
United States during the 1950’s?
1. Thousands of American citizens who believed
in communism were either jailed or deported.
2. The reputations of many people were ruined
by false accusations of disloyalty
3. Many high-ranking government officials were
exposed as spies of the Soviet Union.
4. Organized groups of Communists began a wave
of violent political terrorism.
The successful launching of Sputnik by the
Soviet Union in 1957 signaled the beginning of
1. American fears that the Soviets had
achieved technological superiority
2. the Cold War with the United States
3. Soviet aggression in Afghanistan and China
4. disarmament discussions between the
superpowers
Most Americans who opposed sending
United States troops to fight in the
Vietnam War believed that
1. nuclear weapons should be used to
end the war
2. the war should be extended into
China
3. the United States should not police
the world
4. international trade would be
interrupted
The US belief in the Domino Theory gained
momentum when
1.The Berlin Wall was constructed
2.China became communist in 1949
3.The U2 spy plane was shot down
over the Soviet Union
4.Julius & Ethel Rosenberg were put to
death
What was the main purpose of the GI Bill
passed by Congress shortly before the
end of World War II?
1. to offer low-interest loans to the
defense industry
2. to provide economic aid to veterans
3. to contain the spread of international
communism
4. to expand career opportunities in the
military
What does this photograph
indicate about the United
States in the 1950s?
1. Extraordinary steps were
taken to hide atomic
weapons.
2. The nation had become
the only nuclear
superpower.
3. Much fear was created by
the Cold War.
4. Only government officials
would be safe in a nuclear
attack.
The changes shown on the chart most clearly
reflect the
1. effects of the Cold War
2. influence of the
business cycle
3. failure of United States
military policy
4. reverses in political
party control of
Congress
Before ratification of the 22nd amendment
in 1951, most presidents served no more
than two terms because of
1.
2.
3.
4.
a federal law
custom and tradition
the elastic clause
a Supreme Court decision
The protestors in the
photograph are
expressing their hatred for
1.
2.
3.
4.
fascists
communists
immigrants
police officers
Which development led to the other three?
1. The United States government increased
funding for science and math education.
2. The Soviet Union launched the Sputnik
satellite.
3. A joint Soviet-American space mission was
announced.
4. President John F. Kennedy set the goal of
landing a man on the Moon.
The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall
Plan represented attempts by the United
States to deal with the
1.
2.
3.
4.
national debt
spread of communism
President’s political opposition
arms race
Shortly after World War II, the cold war
developed mainly as a result of the
1. United States refusal to send
economic aid to European nations
2. Soviet domination of Eastern Europe
3. competition between the
superpowers to explore outer space
4. continuation of the pre-World War II
balance of power
A constitutional issue that was frequently
raised about United States involvement in the
Korean conflict and the Vietnam conflict was
the
1. right to regulate commerce with foreign
nations
2. use of deficit spending to finance wars
3. lack of a formal declaration of war by
Congress
4. Supreme Court’s role in foreign policy
decision-making
In the years just after World War II, the United States
attempted to prevent the spread of communism in
Europe mainly by
1. taking over the governments of several Western
European nations
2. increasing opportunities for political refugees to
settle in the United States
3. holding a series of summit meetings with leaders
of the Soviet Union
4. establishing policies of economic and military aid
for European nation
During the Korean War, what was the main reason
that President Harry Truman dismissed General
Douglas MacArthur as commander of the United
States troops?
1. The United States had suffered many severe
military losses.
2. Congress refused to appropriate any more money
to support the war.
3. President Truman believed that General
MacArthur’s conduct threatened the concept of
civilian control over the military
4. General MacArthur disobeyed President Truman
by deciding to stop fighting the war.
During the Cold War Era, the easing of
tensions between the United States and
the Soviet Union resulted in
1. the organization of the Warsaw Pact
2. the invasion of Hungary and
Czechoslovakia
3. the Berlin Airlift
4. a treaty banning nuclear tests
Which is a valid conclusion based on United States
involvement in the Korean War?
1. The policy of containment was applied in Asia as
well as in Europe
2. United Nations economic sanctions are more
effective than military action.
3. The American people will support United States
participation in any war, whether declared or
undeclared.
4. United States cooperation with a wartime ally
ends when the war ends.
The primary purpose of the War Powers
Act (1973) is to
1. limit Presidential power to send
troops into combat
2. allow for a quicker response to a
military attack
3. assure adequate defense of the
Western Hemisphere
4. stop the use of troops for
nonmilitary purposes
The Peace Corps was established by
President John F. Kennedy in an effort to
provide
1. support to developing nations of the
world
2. job training for the unemployed
3. markets for consumer goods
4. teachers for inner-city areas
President John F. Kennedy supported the
1961 Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba as an effort
to
1. remove a communist dictator from power
2. stop the flow of illegal drugs to the United
States
3. support Fidel Castro’s efforts for reform
4. rescue hostages held by Cuban freedom
fighters
The United States experience in the Vietnam
War supports the idea that the outcome of a
war
1. is determined mainly by technological
superiority
2. is dependent on using the greatest number
of soldiers
3. is assured to countries dedicated to
democratic ideals
4. can be strongly affected by public opinion
Which event led directly to the end of the
cold war?
1.
2.
3.
4.
reunification of Germany
formation of the European Union
breakup of the Soviet Union
creation of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO)
One way in which the Korean War, the Vietnam
War, and the Persian Gulf War are similar is that
in all three wars
1. the goal was to defeat the Soviet Union
2. the United States was primarily interested in
protecting oil supplies
3. the United States was fighting without allies
4. no formal declaration of war was made by
Congress
“Batista Driven from Power” “Bay of Pigs
Invasion Fails” “U-2 Planes Reveal Soviet
Missiles” These headlines refer to the
relationship between the United States
and
1.
2.
3.
4.
Canada
Cuba
Mexico
Panama
The primary purpose of President Richard
Nixon’s policy of détente was to
1. expand United States military involvement in
Southeast Asia
2. assure an adequate supply of oil from the
Middle East
3. ease tensions between the United States and
the Soviet Union
4. maintain a favorable balance of trade with
China
The cartoonist is
commenting on which
Cold War foreign
policy?
1.
2.
3.
4.
détente
brinkmanship
the domino theory
collective security
Which development is most closely
associated with the belief in the domino
theory?
1.
2.
3.
4.
military involvement in Vietnam
construction of the Berlin Wall
signing of the nuclear test ban treaty
end of the Korean War
“Eisenhower Sends U.S. Troops to Protect Lebanon”;
“Kennedy Places Quarantine on Shipment of Soviet
Missiles to Cuba”; “Johnson Increases U.S. Troop
Strength in Vietnam by 125,000” Which statement
about the Cold War is illustrated by these headlines?
1. Rivalries between the superpowers often
involved conflicts in other nations.
2. United States military support was most often
deployed in Europe.
3. Communist forces were frequently victorious in
Asia.
4. Summit talks frequently succeeded in limiting
international tensions.