Transcript the human body - Tapp Middle School

THE HUMAN BODY
BODY
ORGANIZATION
TISSUES
ORGANS
CELLS
ORGAN
SYSTEMS
CELLS
Basic Unit of Structure and
Function in a Living Thing
TISSUES
Group of Similar Cells that
Perform the Same Function
ORGANS
A Structure that is Composed
Of Different Kinds of Tissues
NEXT
ORGAN SYSTEMS
A Group of Organ that
Work Together to Perform
a Major Function
TYPES OF ORGAN SYSTEMS
IN THE HUMAN BODY
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Circulatory
Digestive
Endocrine
Excretory
Immune
Muscular
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Nervous
Reproductive
Respiratory
Skeletal
Integumentary
SKELETAL SYSTEM
Functions: Provides shape and support, enables you to move, protects
your internal organs, produce blood cells, and stores certain materials
until your body needs them
• Made of two minerals:phosphorous and calcium
• Contains cells and tissue
• Cartilage is a connective tissue, flexible then bone (found on tip of
nose and on ears)
• Cartilage cover the ends of bones and serves as a cushion to keep from
rubbing/ bumping against each other
• Joint-place where two bones come together , allows bones to move in
different ways (immovable and movable)
• Thin, tough membrane cover all the bone except the end
• Blood vessel and nerves enter and leave the bone through membrane
• Marrow-soft connective tissue within spaces in the bone
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Functions: Keeps your heart beating, make a smile, and move
the bones of our skeleton
 About 600 muscles in our body
 Muscle act voluntary or in voluntary
 3 Types of Muscle
-Skeletal-attached to the bone of skeleton. Tendon is a tissue that
attach muscle to bone
-Smooth-involuntary muscle, help in the digestion process
-Cardiac-involuntary, they do not get tired. EX. heart beats
 Skeletal muscle work in pairs
Integumentary System
Skin, Hair, Nails
Function-covers the body and prevent loss of water, protect
body from injury and infection, maintain temperature,
eliminates waste, gathers information from environment and
produce vitamin D
• Skin is made up of two layer. Epidermis the top layer and
dermis the bottom layer
• Pores- opening through which sweat reaches the surface
of the skin
• Follicle-structure in the dermis of the skin from which a
strand of hair grows
• Protect the skin by avoiding too much sunlight. Eating
properly, and drinking water.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Function: breaks down food into molecules that the body can
use. Molecules are absorbed through the blood. Then waste is
eliminated from the body.
• 2 types of Digestion
-Mechanical - food is physically broken down into smaller pieces
-Chemical - chemical produce by the body breaks the food into small
building blocks
• Absorption- process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall
of your digestive system into your blood
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Function: Carries needed substances to cells and carries waste
products away from cells
• Consist of heart, blood vessel, and blood
• The system is a disease fighter because it sends cells to attack diseasecausing microorganism
• Blood is made up of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and
platelets
• Lymphatic system is a network of veins that returns fluid back to the
bloodstream
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Function: Moves oxygen from the outside environment into
the body. It also removes water and carbon dioxide from the
body
• Respiration is the process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a
complex series of chemical reactions inside cells
• You breathe about 20,0000 breaths on an average daily
• Our larynx (voice box) and our two vocal cord helps us to speak
EXCRETORY / URINARY
SYSTEM
Function: Collects waste produced by cells and remove the
waste from the body
• The removal process is called excretion
• Consist of Kidneys, ureter, bladder, and urethra, lungs, skin, and liver
• Nephrons are tiny structures that remove waste from blood and
produce urine
IMMUNE SYSTEM
Function: Cells of the immune system work together to
combat infection
• Infectious diseases are caused by pathogen (Organism that cause
disease)
-bacteria
-fungi
-viruses
-protist
• Disease are spread person-to-person, animal bites, or by pathogen
naturally in the environment
• Our skin, breathing passages, mouth, and stomach are barriers that
keep pathogens out
• White blood cells, T-cells, and B-cell helps our body to combat
diseases in our body
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Function: Receives information about what is happening
inside and outside your body . Also, it directed the way in
which your body respond to this information. Help to you to
move, think, and taste
• Stimulus-a change in an organism’s environment that make it react
• Response-what your body does in reaction to the stimulus
• Nervous system maintain homeostasis by directing the body to respond
appropriately to the information it receives.
• 3 Kinds of neuron
-sensory-picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment
and converts each stimuli into a nerve impulse
-interneuron-neuron that carries nerve impulses from one neuron to
another
-motor-sends an impulse to the muscle, and the muscle contract in
response
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Function: Controls many of the body’s daily activities as well
as long term changes such as development
• Hormones-a chemical product of a endocrine gland that speeds up or
slows down the activity of an organ or tissue
• Hypothalamus – A tiny part of the brain that links the nervous system
and endocrine system
• Pituitary gland-communicates with the hypothalamus to control many
body activities
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Function:
Male-to produce sperm and the hormone testosterone,
Female-to produce eggs, and if egg is fertilized
nourish a developing baby until birth
• When a egg becomes fertilized by sperm it called an zygote, then
develop into an embryo, than into a fetus
• Birth of a baby takes places in three stages: labor, delivery, after birth
• Puberty is a period of sexual development in which the body becomes
able to reproduce