Transcript The Respiratory System

Respiratory
System
&
Excretory /
Urinary System
The
Respirato
ry System
KidsHealth
Breathing and Respiration
• Cellular Respiration – Cells using
oxygen and glucose to make energy.
Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
OXYGEN
CARBON
DIOXIDE
Simple Story…..
Ted Ed
The Functions of the
Respiratory System
• 1. Moves oxygen into the body for blood to carry
to cells to make energy in mitochondria.
• 2. Moves carbon dioxide through the blood out
of the body as waste from respiration.
Using your
template, follow
the pathway of
oxygen as it
is inhaled into your
nose and mouth
and enters your
bloodstream.
Respiratory Animation
Using the following slides and
your textbook pages 272 –
274…..
Explain the function of each
organ listed on your template as
air/oxygen enters the body,
moves into your respiratory
system, and enters your blood.
Path of Air….
1. Oxygen into Nose / Mouth
• Nasal cavity moistened and warmed
• Mucus - traps dust, pollen,
and other materials
• Cilia -Tiny, hair-like structures
trap material
Sneezing
2. Pharynx (Throat)
• passageway used for food,
liquid, and air.
3. Epiglottis
flap of tissue over
the trachea to
keep food from
going into lungs
4. Trachea
(windpipe)
5. Bronchi
• 2 short tubes
that carry
air into each
lung.
6. Bronchioles
•bronchi branch
into smaller
tubes in lungs
Fun Fact
(FF):(As small
as hair / 30,000
in each lung!!)
Coughing
7. Lungs –
2 organs
where gases
are
exchanged.
• Diaphragm
- a muscle
beneath lungs that
contracts and
relaxes to help
move gases into
and out of your
lungs.
• Hiccup – spasm
in your
diaphragm.
Diaphragm
Observation
8. Alveoli
Air sacs in the lungs
where gases are
exchanged by
diffusion.
Fluid from pneumonia, cystic
fibrosis, etc.
Fun Fact (FF) :The total surface area of the alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs) is the
size of a tennis court. 600 MILLION in EACH lung!!
Breathing and Speaking
• Larynx – voice box
• Air passes past the 2 vocal chords that
produces your voice…..cool!
• Forcing air
between the cords
causes them to
vibrate and
produce sounds.
Respiratory Infections
Identify the effects of the following on
the respiratory system:
common cold
bronchitis
asthma
Respiratory Infections
• Common cold - upper part of the
respiratory system – pharynx, larynx,
trachea, and bronchi.
• Bronchitis - bronchioles are irritated and
swell, too much mucus is produced.
• Asthma - Shortness of breath, wheezing, or
coughing. The bronchial tubes contract
quickly.
Smoking and the Respiration
System
• Tar, carbon monoxide, and nicotine
damage lung tissue and alveoli.
Carcinogens - substances that can cause an
uncontrolled growth of cells / cancer.
Diseases and Disorders of
the Respiratory System
• Even if you are a
nonsmoker, inhaling
smoke from tobacco
products—called
secondhand smoke—is
unhealthy and has the
potential to harm your
respiratory system.
Emphysema
• A disease in which the alveoli in the lungs
enlarge .
• Alveoli can’t work. Less oxygen moves into
the bloodstream from the alveoli.
• Blood becomes low in
oxygen and high in
carbon dioxide,
shortness of breath
occurs.
Lung Cancer
• Inhaling the tar in cigarette smoke is the
greatest contributing factor to lung cancer.
• .
Unhealthy Respiratory System
and Its Effects on the
Circulatory System
• Smoking chemicals get into blood
• Carbon monoxide takes the place of the
oxygen molecules in the blood
• Circulatory system is strained as it tries to
get oxygen to cells
• Veins, arteries, and capillaries are irritated
• Smokers more prone to heart disease &
heart attacks
Smoking, Tobacco, and Your Body
15
The
Excretory (Urinary)
System
Excretory / Urinary System
The Function of the
Excretory System
• Filters blood collecting and removing
waste.
Identify the function of:
• Kidneys
– Nephrons
• Ureters
• Bladder
• Urethra
The Kidney
• Kidneys - Removes UREA (waste) from
the blood, and return clean blood back to
the body.
• Fun Facts (FF):
-Every minute, about 1 liter of
blood enters the kidneys.
• That's about one-fifth of
all the blood in your body!
In the Kidney are…
Nephrons –
- filter the
blood
- produce
urine.
-control the
amount of
water in the
body.
FF:1 Million in
Each Kidney!!
• Ureters –
carry urine
to the
bladder
• Bladder –
stores
urine.
• Urethra –
tube where
urine flows
from the
body.
Also help ………..
liver (produces urea),
skin (sweating),
and lungs (exhaling
water vapor)!!
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