Transcript Respiratory System

Respiratory System
Your Lungs
Function of the respiratory system:

To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
2 Definitions of Respiration
1.
(Cellular Level)
The release of
energy from the
breakdown of
molecules in
food in the
presence of
oxygen
2.
Process by
which oxygen
and carbon
dioxide are
exchanged
between cells,
blood, and air in
the lungs
Nose
 The
route in
which air
enters the
respiratory
system
Pharynx
 A passageway
for both air and
food
 Air moves from the pharynx
into the trachea
Larynx
 Voice
box
 Contains highly elastic folds of
tissue known as the vocal
cords
Trachea
 Windpipe
 Cartilage
called the epiglottis
covers the entrance to the
trachea when you swallow
 Lined with cilia
Bronchi
2
large passageways in the chest
cavity
 Each leads to a lung
 Each divides into smaller bronchi
until they reach tiny air sacs called
the alveoli
Alveoli
 Grape-like
clusters
 Site where blood and air are
side by side, site of gas
exchange
 Delicate network of thin-walled
capillaries surround the alveoli
Lungs
Human lungs are
located in two cavities
 the two are not
identical
 Both are separated
into lobes with three
lobes on the right and
two on the left

Gas Exchange in the Lungs
Section 37-3
Alveoli
Bronchiole
Capillary
Diaphragm
 Located
at bottom of lung
cavity
 Large flat muscle
 Creates partial vacuum in the
chest cavity
The Respiratory System
Section 37-3
Mouth
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Lung
Epiglottis
Bronchus
Nose
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Bronchioles
Diaphragm
Edge of
pleural membrane
Capillaries
Figure 37-16 The Mechanics of Breathing
Section 37-3
Air
exhaled
Air
inhaled
Rib cage
descends
Rib cage
rises
Diaphragm
Diaphragm
Inhalation
Exhalation
Emphysema
 Caused
by cigarette smoking
 Loss of elasticity in the tissues
of the lungs
 People with this disease have
difficulty breathing
Bronchitis
 Common
in
cigarette smokers
and people who
are around
people who
smoke
 Bacterial and viral
Lung Cancer



Uncontrolled mitosis
Can be caused by
cigarette smoking
Cells of cancer can
easily spread to
other part of the
body…… WHY?
Flowchart
Movement of Oxygen and Carbon
Section 37-3
Dioxide In and Out of the Respiratory
System
Oxygen-rich
air from
environment
Bronchi
Trachea
Nasal
cavities
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Oxygen and
carbon dioxide
exchange at
alveoli
Alveoli
Bronchioles
Pharynx
Nasal
cavities
Carbon
dioxide-rich
air to the
environment
You are NOT cool!

Stop smoking!!!