Transcript 1.3 CELLS WORKING TOGETHER

(1.4)Human Systems
- Respiratory System
(p56-59)
Organs and Organ Systems
• Groups of tissue work together to form
organs, which work together in organ
systems.
• An organ is made up of different tissues
working together to perform a specific
task. Contains at least 2 different kinds of
tissue.
Human Organ Systems
• There are 11 human organ systems.
The Respiratory System
• By the process of gas exchange
- oxygen is carried to the blood
- carbon dioxide is removed from the blood.
O2
CO2
Components of Respiratory System
• There are many different organs that work
together for gas exchange to take place.
• Starting with the nose  tiny hairs and
sticky fluid traps dirt and other particles
from entering the lungs.
• Next the larynx  contains the vocal
cords that vibrate as air moves through
them = your voice!
Respiratory System
Why Do I Sneeze?
Sneezing is like a cough in the upper
breathing passages. It is the body's
way of removing an irritant from the
sensitive mucous membranes of the
nose.
Many things can irritate the mucous
membranes. Dust, pollen, pepper or
even a cold blast of air are just some
of the many things that may cause
you to sneeze.
Components...continued
• The trachea (windpipe)  connects the
mouth and nose to the lungs.
• It is made of bony material for strength.
• Any damage to the trachea is potentially
life threatening.
• The bronchus  the trachea divides into
two bronchi, one going to each lung.
Respiratory System
Components...continued
• The bronchus quickly divide many times into
many bronchioles  smaller and smaller
tubes carrying air deep into the lungs.
• The alveoli are air sacs (grape like
structures) where gas exchange occurs.
• In the alveoli, oxygen passes into and
carbon dioxide leaves the blood.
• The smallest blood vessels called
capillaries surround the alveoli.
Gas Exchange Takes Place in
the Alveoli
The red blood cells in the blood vessels
carry oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout
the body.
Gas Exchange
(Fig 1.20 p59)
O2 is carried to the blood
and
CO2 is removed from the blood
Components...continued
• The diaphragm
is the main
muscle of the
respiratory
system.
What Causes Hiccups?
Hiccups are the sudden movements of the
diaphragm. It is involuntary…..you have
no control over hiccups, as you well know.
There are many causes of hiccups. The
diaphragm may get irritated, you may have
eaten to fast, or maybe some substance in
the blood could even have brought on the
hiccups.
Breathing
• During inhalation, the chest cavity expands as
the rib cage rises and the diaphragm contracts
A Video to Recap
The Respiratory System
Respiratory System
Class work
• Text p 59 LC #1-4
• BLM 1-28