Transcript DO NOW
DO NOW "Compromise Enables Maine and Missouri To Enter Union" (1820) "California Admitted to Union as Free State" (1850) "Kansas-Nebraska Act Sets Up Popular Sovereignty" (1854) Which issue is reflected in these headlines? 1. enactment of protective tariffs 2. extension of slavery 3. voting rights for minorities 4. universal public education DO NOW "Compromise Enables Maine and Missouri To Enter Union" (1820) "California Admitted to Union as Free State" (1850) "Kansas-Nebraska Act Sets Up Popular Sovereignty" (1854) Which issue is reflected in these headlines? 1. enactment of protective tariffs 2. extension of slavery 3. voting rights for minorities 4. universal public education Lincoln–Douglas Debates 1858 • Abraham Lincoln vs. Stephen Douglas • 7 debates on the issue of slavery and its territories • Highlighted American principles of majority rules & minority rights • Covered by newspapers countrywide Lincoln–Douglas Debates 1858 DOUGLAS • Whites superior to African Americans • Whites should choose the kind of society & government they wanted • POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY LINCOLN • Majority should not deny the minority rights • Life , Liberty, & pursuit of happiness • Slavery should be confined to the states where it already exists (not spread) • Give poor minority opportunity in new lands House Divided Speech Springfield, Illinois June 16, 1858 “…A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved -- I do not expect the house to fall -- but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing or all the other…” -- Abraham Lincoln John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry • • • • 1859 - Virginia 21 men (16 white and 5 black) Crossed the Potomac River from Maryland to Virginia. Immediate objective capture weapons stored at the U.S. Arsenal at Harpers Ferry • Brown's ultimate goal was to destroy the slave system of the South • Federal forces arrived the next day, seriously wounding Brown • He was tried & convicted of treason against the Commonwealth of Virginia Raid on Harpers Ferry John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry • Just before his hanging on December 2, 1859, Brown uttered a prophetic forewarning of the coming Civil War: "I, John Brown, am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away but with blood." Hanging of John Brown Crittenden Compromise • Last effort to appease the south • Senator John Crittenden (KN-KY) • Proposed constitutional Amendment that would guarantee the right to hold slaves in all territories south of 36’30’ • Lincoln refused because it violated the republican position against the extension of slavery in Western territories 1860 Election – A Nation Coming Apart? ELECTION OF 1860 JOHN BRECKINRIDGE SOUTH DEMOCRAT JOHN BELL CONSTITUTIONAL UNION ABRAHAM LINCOLN REPUBLICAN STEPHEN DOUGLAS NORTH DEMOCRAT ELECTION OF 1860 RESULTS THE SOUTH SECEDES • SECEDE - Withdraw from the union • Southerners outraged that a president could be elected without any Southern electoral votes! • Edmund Ruffin VA.- argued that since the states voluntarily joined the union they could choose to leave it • South Carolina - 12/20/1860 - 1st state to secede •10 other states to follow •Formed the CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA •Jefferson Davis elected president • 11 states seceded • Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, & Tennessee did not secede until after the Battle of Fort Sumter that occurred on April 12, 1861 • Border States did not secede from the Union: Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland & Delaware