Transcript Secession and the Start of the Civil War Chapter 10 Section 4

Secession and the Start of
the Civil War
Chapter 10 Section 4
Objectives
•
Compare the candidates in the election
of 1860 and analyze the results of the
election.
•
Analyze why southern states seceded from
the Union.
•
Assess the events that led to the outbreak
of war.
Issues leading up to the election of 1860
• Uncertainty about whether Kansas would be a
slave state or free state
• Northern anger over the Dred Scott decision
and Fugitive Slave Act
• Concern over whether slavery would be
allowed in the territories
With ill will running so deep between the North and
the South, it was hard to imagine that either side
would accept a President from the other region.
Election of 1860
• Candidate
• Lincoln
• Douglas
• Breckinridge
• Bell
Party
Republican
Slavery
No Expansion
Northern Democrat
Southern Democrat
Constitutional Union
Pop. Sov.
Protect
Moderate
Lincoln narrowly won the election in
the popular vote, but he won the
electoral in a landslide
The vote for
Abraham Lincoln
was mostly a vote
for moderation
toward the issue
of slavery and a
vote for the
Union.
The South felt they no
longer had a voice in
national government.
It seemed there was no
way to bridge the gap
between the North and
South.
Secession!
• South Carolina was
the first state to
secede
• The southern States
formed the
Confederacy and
chose Jefferson Davis
as their president
Weak
• President Buchanan
declared no state had
the right to secede,
but he couldn’t do
anything about it.
• He decided to let the
incoming President
deal with the problem.
Leadership: Lincoln vs. Davis
Abraham Lincoln
Jefferson Davis
acquired sophisticated
sense of strategy
detail-oriented
unable to develop broad
war strategy
burdened by ineffective
central government
impersonal.
skilled at balancing
personalities
realistic understanding
of the war.
Many of the states with the largest enslaved
populations seceded.
The Confederate States of America
• The south drafted a
new constitution
modeled after the US
Constitution, but with
2 key differences:
#1 Guaranteed the right to own
slaves.
# 2 Stressed each state was
sovereign and independent.
Crittenden Compromise
• Senator John
Crittenden proposed
extending the
Missouri Compromise
line to California
• Lincoln immediately
rejected it
• Republicans became
united against slavery
Fort Sumter
• The Confederacy
began taking federal
buildings in the south
• Fort Sumter in South
Carolina was
surrounded by the
Confederates
• Lincoln didn’t want to
fire the first shot, but
he also didn’t want to
surrender the fort
• He sent “food for
hungry men”
• The Confederates
refused, opened fire
• The Civil War is on
• Recruits were called
for 3 months of
service
Objectives
•
Compare the candidates in the election
of 1860 and analyze the results of the
election.
•
Analyze why southern states seceded from
the Union.
•
Assess the events that led to the outbreak
of war.