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11. MISSOURI COMPROMISE • 1819 – 11 free states – 11 slave states • Henry Clay – Missourislave – Maine-free 12. In the election of 1848, many Whigs opposed Zachary Taylor because he was a slaveholder. He won the election to become the 12th President. Zachary Taylor FreeSoiler Martin Van Buren Whig 13. California’s application for statehood touched off a long and bitter debate between the North and South because it would tip the balance of power to the free states. 14. civil war 15. What book by Harriet Beecher Stowe showed slavery as a brutal, cruel system? Uncle Tom’s Cabin 16. Millard Fillmore took over the presidency upon the death of Taylor to become the 13th President of the U.S. Henry Clay =The Great Compromiser 17. Stephen A. Douglas took up the fight for him. His plan was called the Compromise of 1850. 18. Compromise of 1850= was a plan to save the Union from continued conflict 18. The last Whig president, Millard Fillmore signed the Compromise of 1850. doesn’t get nominated by Whig party for re election 19. A person could be fined up to $1,000, or be imprisoned for breaking the law, stated in the Fugitive Slave Act. The law required citizens to help catch runaway enslaved people. The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 divided the Nebraska Territory into two separate territories. Northerners were angry. 20. Franklin Pierce 21. Problems with the Kansas-Nebraska Act 1. It repealed the Missouri Compromise. 2. It led to violence in Kansas. 3. It outraged the Northerners and moved the country closer to war.. 22. Stephen A. Douglas proposed letting the people decide about slavery through popular sovereignty. 23.Missourians who traveled in armed groups to cross the border and vote in elections became known as Border Ruffians. By 1856, hundreds of people had been killed in Kansas as a result of violence. 1861 Kansas = free state. 24. guerrilla warfare = hit and run tactics 25. The Dred Scott case •Ruled against Scott •Basically made slavery legal in territories •Outraged the North A New Political Party Antislavery Whigs, Democrats, and FreeSoilers joined together to form the Republican Party. 26. The Republican Party was formed to oppose the expansion of slavery in the West. 27. James Buchanan became the 15th President of the U.S. due to large support in the South. 28. Abraham Lincoln • • • • • • • Entered Politics in 1832 – lost race for state legislature 1834 he runs again and wins By 1836 studies law and receives attorney license Belonged to Whig Party for 20 years 1834-1841 served in Illinois state legislature 1846 elected to House of Representatives 1858 challenges Stephen Douglas to a debate for Senate seat Lincoln –Douglas Debates In July of 1858, Abraham Lincoln challenged Stephen Douglas to a series of debates, or public discussions, on slavery. 29. http://www.history.com/videos/gilder-lehrmanhouse-divided#gilder-lehrman-house-divided Armory = is a storehouse for weapons. Federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia 30. What was the goal of John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry? Destroy slavery and bring it to an end Government authorities convicted John Brown of murder and treason and sentenced him to hang on December 2, 1859. •Lasted 36 hours 30. He wanted to destroy slavery and bring it to an end. This made him a martyr •10 men including 2 of his sons killed •He and his raiders killed 3 civilians, 1 marine, and 2 slaves •Robert E. Lee led the US Marines for President Buchanan Election of 1860 31. Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860 to become the 16th President of the U.S. 31. South felt that because Lincoln was elected that the government was against their interests. Reaction to the election of 1860 results? Secession of southern states 32. The first state to secede from the union was South Carolina. 33. In February of 1861, delegates met in Alabama to form the Confederate States of America. Jefferson Davis was elected as President of the Confederacy. Inauguration of Jefferson Davis Urgent! • Message from Commander Anderson Supplies at the Fort are almost gone. If new supplies are not sent soon, we will be forced to surrender the fort to the Confederacy. What to Do??? • If I send supplies…Southerners might attack. • If I send troops….Southerners WILL attack. • If I do nothing…the commander will have to surrender. Decision 34.Southerners shelled the fort and • Lincoln decided to send supply ships forced the Union to surrender to Confederate forces. Though there were no casualties, it was the beginning of the Civil War. • And see what the Southerners would do Fort Sumter = The Beginning FORT SUMTER, S.C. Explanation- South is angry. They want Union soldiers to leave federal forts in the South. It marked the start of the Civil War.