Transcript THE UNION DISSOLVES

UNIT 7: MILITARY
CONFLICT
LESSON 7.5: THE CIVIL WAR
part 1: Secession and War
Let’s get this straight
• We win the Revolutionary War!! We are a free
and independent country……sort of!
• We fight the British again in the War of 1812
(second war of Independence). Leads to the
Era of Good Feelings.
• We defeat Mexico in the Mexican American war
(1846-48), resulting in Manifest Destiny being
achieved!
• However, the issue of Slavery expanding into
the new territories would ultimately tear our
nation apart!
Secession and War
Focus
• As you watch the video, create a list
issues that led to increased tensions
between the North and South.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=roNme
OOJCDY
Frayer: Election of 1860
Setting the stage
• In the end, all attempts to compromise
between the north and south over slavery
failed to end sectional differences. Finally,
the outcome of the 1860 election triggered
a showdown and the first shots of the long,
bloody Civil War.
DEMOCRATS SPLIT
• DEBATE OVER SLAVERY SPLITS THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY
• NORTHERN DEMOCRATS SUPPORTED POPULAR
SOVEREIGNTY
• SOUTHERN DEMOCRATS WANTED DRED SCOTT DECISION
UPHELD
• REPUBLICANS NOMINATED LINCOLN
Election of 1860
• Slavery was main topic
• Would South secede
• Abraham Lincoln won all
of the N, and didn’t even
appear on most S ballots,
John Breckinridge was
Southern Democratic
nominee
• Lincoln won election,
which upset South even
though he said he would
not disturb slavery where
it already was
SECESSION BEGINS
• FOR SOUTH, ELECTION OF A REPUBLICAN PRESIDENT = A
VICTORY FOR ABOLITIONISTS
• SURVIVAL OF SOUTHERN SOCIETY AT STAKE
• BY FEB. 1861, 7 SOUTHERN STATES SECEDED (PAGE 306)
• CRITTENDON’S COMPROMISE = ALLOW SLAVERY WHERE IT
EXISTS, EXTEND MISSOURI COMPROMISE LINE TO CALI.
• IT FAILED
• FEB. 1861 THE SECEDING STATES ANNOUNCE NEW NATION =
CONFEDERACY, AND NEW PRESIDENT = JEFFERSON DAVIS
AP
• How did the Election of 1860 help to
trigger the Civil War?
Southern Secession
• South justified
secession with theory
of states’ rights
• Voluntarily entered
Union through a
contract called the
Constitution and
contract was broken
• Many Southerners
welcomed secession
through celebrations
• Other Southerners,
including Robert E.
Lee, was shocked
and concerned
• Some Northerners
believed that the
South should go if not
willing to compromise
• Others believed in the
preservation of the
Union
THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS
• IN HIS INAUGURAL ADDRESS, LINCOLN SPOKE DIRECTLY TO
THE SECEDING STATES
• HE REPEATED HIS PROMISE NOT TO INTERFERE W/ SLAVERY
WHERE IT EXISTED
• ANNOUNCES HIS DESIRE TO SAVE THE UNION, AND TO HOLD
ONTO FEDERAL PROPERTY IN SECEDING STATES
Lincoln’s Address
“We are not enemies, but friends. We
must not be enemies. Though passion
may have strained, it must not break our
bonds of affection.”
- Abraham Lincoln
Inaugural Address
March 4, 1861
AP = Southern view vs. Lincoln
FORT SUMTER FALLS
• IN APRIL, 1861, LINCOLN ANNOUNCED THAT THE FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT WOULD RESUPPLY FORT SUMTER
• JEFFERSON CANNOT ALLOW FEDERAL TROOPS TO OCCUPY
THE SOUTHS MOST IMPORTANT HARBOR = CAPTURE FORT
• HIS FORCES DEMANDED THAT MAJOR ANDERSON
SURRENDER = HE REFUSED
• CONFEDERATES BOMBARD THE FORT UNTIL ANDERSON
AND HIS MEN SURRENDER
UPPER SOUTH SECEDES
• AFTER FALL OF FORT SUMTER, LINCOLN CALLS ON
VOLUNTEERS
• MANY IN SOUTH DID NOT WANT TO SECEDE, BUT FELT THEY
HAD NO CHOICE
• VIRGINIA SECEDED NEXT, AND CAPITAL OF CONFEDERACY
MOVED TO RICHMOND
• SOON THREE MORE STATES SECEDED
AP
HANGING ONTO THE BORDER STATES
• LINCOLN TRIED TO KEEP SLAVE HOLDING BORDER STATES
FROM LEAVING
• IF MARYLAND SECEDED, DC (THE CAPITAL) WOULD BE
SURROUNDED
• LINCOLN PLACED BALTIMORE UNDER MARTIAL LAW TO
PREVENT SECESSION
HANGING ONTO THE BORDER STATES CONTINUED
• KENTUCKY DECLARED ITSELF NEUTRAL UNTIL SEPTEMBER
1861, WHEN TROOPS ON BOTH SIDES OCCUPIED STATE
• PRO CONFEDERATE LEADERS CREATED A RIVAL
GOVERNMENT AND SECEDED
• MISSOURI STAYED WITH UNION DEPSITE STRUGGLES
BETWEEN ANTI AND PRO SECCIONIST FORCES
• THE STAGE NOW SHIFTS TO THE BATTLE FIELD
AP
• 1 sentence
Guided Reading
8-3
Learning Log
• SUMMARIZE IN YOUR OWN WORDS WHAT YOU HAVE
LEARNED TODAY……
• HOW DID PROBLEMS IN THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY HELP
ABRAHAM LINCOLN WIN THE ELECTION OF 1860?
• WHAT WERE SOME CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR?
• WHERE AND UNDER WHAT CIRCUMSTANCES DID THE CIVIL
WAR BEGIN?
• HOW DID LINCOLN PREVENT MARYLAND FROM SECEDING?
WHY WAS LINCOLN CONCERNED ABOUT MARYLAND?