Transcript The Civil War

Mr. Pagliaro
Seymour High School
1861
A Thousand Mile Front
North vs. South in 1861
North
South
Advantages
?
?
Disadvantages
?
?
Rating the North & the South
Slave/Free States Population, 1861
Railroad Lines, 1860
Resources: North & the South
The Union & Confederacy in 1861
Men Present for Duty
in the Civil War
Who fought?
Ohio Military Service
Soldier’s occupations:
North & South Combined
The Leaders of the Confederacy
Pres. Jefferson Davis
VP Alexander Stevens
The Confederate Government in Richmond
The Confederate Seal
MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”
Northern View of Jefferson Davis
“Anaconda
Plan”
Union’s Civil War
Strategy:
• Blockade
Southern Ports
• Take control of
Mississippi River
• Split
Confederacy
The “Anaconda” Plan
Lincoln’s Generals
Winfield Scott
Irvin McDowell
George McClellan
Joseph Hooker
Ambrose Burnside
Ulysses S. Grant
George Meade
George McClellan,
Again!
Battle of Bull Run
(1st Manassas)
July, 1861
Formation of Army of the
Potomac – Summer 1861
…Presdt, Cabinet, Genl Scott & all deferring
to me—by some strange operation of magic I
seem to have become the power of the land.
... I almost think that were I to win some small
success now I could become Dictator or
anything else that might please me—but
nothing of that kind would please me—
therefore I won't be Dictator. Admirable selfdenial!– George B. McClellan, July 26, 1861
McClellan: I Can Do It All!
McClellan on Lincoln
[Lincoln is] "nothing more than a wellmeaning baboon", a "gorilla", and "ever
unworthy of ... his high position.”
The Confederate Generals
“Stonewall” Jackson
Nathan Bedford
Forrest
George Pickett
Jeb Stuart
James Longstreet
Robert E. Lee
1862
A Very Bloody Affair
Peninsula Campaign: Phase 1

MCCLELLAN’S AMPHIBIOUS DEPLOYMENT OF
TROOPS TO RICHMOND
Quaker Guns
Peninsula Campaign: Phase 2
The Seven Days
It wasn't war; it was murder.
Major General DH Hill
CASUALTIES:
Confederacy
20,000 of
90,000
Our success has
not been as great or
complete as we
should have
desired. ... Under
ordinary
circumstances the
Federal Army
should have been
destroyed.
General Robert E.
Lee
Union 16,000
of 105,000
My conscience is clear at least to this
extent—viz.: that I have honestly done
McClellan
the best I could; I shall leave
it to
others to decide whether
that was the he
insisted
best that could have been done—& if
was
they find any who can do better
am
perfectly willing to step
aside & give
outnumbered
way.
Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan
The Battle of
the Ironclads,
March, 1862
The Monitor
vs.
the Merrimac
Damage on the Deck of the Monitor
War in the East: 1861-1862
Battle of Antietam
SINGLE BLOODIEST DAY IN AMERICAN HISTORY
September 17, 1862
23,000 casualties
3654 dead
(Sept. 11-2,977
[minus hijackers])
of the field was cut as closely as could have been done
with a knife, and the [Confederates] slain lay in rows
precisely as they had stood in their ranks a few moments
before.” Gen. Joseph Hooker
“General McClellan had
committed barely 50,000
infantry and artillerymen to
the contest. A third of his
army did not fire a shot.
Even at that, his men
repeatedly drove the Army
of Northern Virginia to the
brink of disaster, feats of
valor entirely lost on a
commander thinking of little
beyond staving off his own
defeat.”– Stephen W.
Sears, Landscape Turned
Red
The
Emancipation
Proclamation
1863
A Higher Cause
Emancipation in 1863
African-American Recruiting Poster
The Famous 54th Massachusetts
August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to
Col. Robert Gould Shaw & Mass. 54th
African-Americans in Civil War Battles
Black Troops Freeing Slaves Aka
Contraband
Extensive Legislation Passed
Without the South in Congress
1861 – Morrill Tariff Act
1862 – Homestead Act
1862 – Legal Tender Act
1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act
1862 – Emancipation
Proclamation
(1/1/1863)
• 1863 – Pacific Railway Act
• 1863 – National Bank Act
•
•
•
•
•
The War in
the West,
1863:
Vicksburg
The Road to Gettysburg: 1863
Gettysburg Casualties
The North
Initiates the
Draft, 1863
Buy Your Way Out of Military
Service
Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC
Recruiting Blacks in NYC
NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
A “Pogrom” Against Blacks
Inflation in the South
The Peace Movement
Clement
Vallandigham
Knights of the Golden Circle

Democrats




Promoted
Peace
End the war
Didn’t care
about
Emancipation
“To maintain
the
Constitution
as it is, and to
restore the
Union as it
was ”
Copperheads
1864
Total War
Sherman’s
“March
to the
Sea”
Georgia,
1864
1864 Election
Pres. Lincoln (R)
George McClellan (D)
Presidential
Election
Results:
1864
The Final Virginia Campaign:
1864-1865
1865
The End
Surrender at Appomattox
April 9, 1865
Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)
The Assassin
John Wilkes Booth
The Assassination
WANTED!
Now He Belongs to the Ages!
The Execution
Casualties on Both Sides
Civil War Casualties
in Comparison to Other Wars
The Progress of War: 1861-1865
REVIEWING KEY POINTS
OF THE CIVIL WAR
Key topic 1: Border States

Importance:



Strategic Location
Industrial and agricultural resources
Key Border States

Maryland


Kentucky


RR connection from North to DC
Access to Mississippi
Delaware

DuPont Gunpowder

Key Topic 2: Antietam and
Emancipation
The Battle of Antietam
England/France remained neutral
 Lincoln issued Emancipation Proclamation


Emancipation Proclamation
Mindful of Border States
 Moral Cause
 Rallied abolitionists in Europe
 Only freed slaves in rebellious states
 Caused Copperhead movement

Key Topic 3: Key Political
Actions of the Civil War

Congressional Action
National Bank ActUniform
Currency
 Charter of Union-Pacific and
Central Pacific RRs
 Homestead Act


Presidential Power
Lincoln expanded presidential
power
 Suspended Habeas Corpus between
DC & Philly
