Transcript Chapter 16: The Civil War

Chapter 16: Civil War
Section 1: The Two Sides
Choosing Sides
• Border
States
Missouri
Kentucky
Delaware
Maryland
April, 1861
• Mob attacked
Northern troops in
Baltimore, Maryland.
Burned down
railroads, bridges and
cut telegraph wires to
Washington, D. C.
Street scene, Warrenton,
VA, 1861
Remaining With the Union
• Maine, Pennsylvania,
New York,
Massachusetts, Rhode
Island, Ohio, Indiana,
Illinois, Kansas,
Minnesota, Iowa,
Michigan,
Connecticut, New
Jersey, California,
Oregon, Vermont,
New Hampshire,
Wisconsin
Lincoln acts cautiously to avoid
problems with border states
• Lincoln suspended some constitutional
rights
• Arrested people for active support of
secession
• Allowed rebellion against Missouri’s
pro-confederate state government.
• Western Virginia secedes from
Confederacy and joins the Union.
Northern Strength
Large population
More industry
Abundant resources
Better Banking, currency established
Government already formed
More Naval Ships
Better ports
Better Transportation
Great Leader
President Abr
Lincoln, 1863
Battleship Monitor in 1863
Northern Disadvantages
Had to be on the offensive side.
Attack!
Invaded areas were population was
against them
Public opinion was often divided in
the North
Not Cohesive
War Aims and Strategy
Northern aims:
• Main goal was to win war and bring
back the South into the Union
• Ending slavery was not a goal at first
Northern War Plans
• Navy Blockade
• Control
Mississippi River
• Capture
Richmond, the
Confederate capital
Richmond, VA. 1862
Southern Strengths
Strong support for the war
Defending their homeland
Superior war leaders
President Davis was experienced
and an ex war defense secretary for
the United States
President of the
Confederacy
Jefferson Davis
Southern Weaknesses
Smaller population
Few factories
Produced less food
Poor transportation routes
Idea of State Rights: Could not get
states to unite for war effort
Southern Aims and Strategies
To be recognized as an
independent nation
Defend Home front
Tire the North
Southern Strategies
Great the support
of Britain and
France
Defend and Attack
Capture
Washington, D.C.
Washington, D. c. 1861
American People at War:
Americans Against Americans
Split families and
divided friends and
communities
Military graduates
fought against each
other
Who were the Soldiers
•
•
•
•
•
Volunteers
Inexperienced and
• 850,000 fought for
young
Confederate
Farmers
• 21,000,000 fought for
Uneducated and Poor Union
Naïve: Thought war • North eventually
would be over in 90
allowed African
Americans to fight
days
The South refused to allow
African Americans to fight.
Why?
Union Troop: African
American soldiers
False Hopes
Most Southerners did not think that the
North did not have the conviction or
desire to win
Confederates thought that the war
would be over in least than an year
Northerners thought that they could
win the war in 30 days
False Hopes
• Some leaders knew that it would be a long
war
• Some politicians thought it may be longer
than anticipated by the public
• The Spring of the war proved that it would
be a long and bloody war.
False hopes turned to
hopelessness by the end of the
first year.