Transcript CivilWar1[1] - Sire`s US History Part 2

The
Civil War
(1861-1865)
Mr. Marston
Dominion Christian High School.
Marietta, GA
North vs. South in 1861
North
South
Advantages
?
?
Disadvantages
?
?
North’s Advantages
1. Population: 1860 31 million lived in U.S.
22 million lived in Union
9 million in South (3.5 were black)
5 to 2 manpower advantage in North
2. Economic Advantages
Manufacturing establishments (factories,
etc.)
118,000 in North
18,000 in the South
North advantages continued
3. Miles of Railroad Track
a. 22,000 in North
b. 9,000 in South
c. More modern in North
4. Animals
North had twice as many horses and mules
5. Existing army and Navy
South: none
6. Presidential leadership: Lincoln over Davis.
7. Wealth: Better able to finance war.
South’s Advantages
1. Area of conditions for victory:
a. South: a tie was as good as a win
South didn’t need to invade the North
South didn’t have to defeat the United
States
b. Hold up against Northern advances and
make them see that the war was too
costly
Southern Advantages
2. South would fight on home “turf” and
be familiar with the terrain
Fighting among friendly population
3. Geography: South was large and
difficult to conquer
4. Military leadership at beginning of war:
Lee and Jackson
Both officer corps trained at West Point,
read the same military books and fought
in the Mexican War
Who would win the war?
Not a hopeless attempt by the
Confederacy: United States had proven
itself against Britain during American
Revolution
Who had the stomach to fight a
protracted, drawn out battle? Which
population would stick to it the longest?
Rating the North & the South
Slave/Free States Population,
Land in Farms, and % Urban
Populations
Railroad Lines, 1860
Resources: North & the South
The Union & Confederacy in 1861
Border States: Key to Victory
for Lincoln
1. Missouri
2. Kentucky: Most divided border state.
South could defend the Ohio River if
went to the South
3. Maryland: If Maryland seceded,
Washington D.C. would be in
Confederacy. Lincoln took strong
action in Md.
4. Delaware
5. West Virginia? Created in 1863
Men Present for Duty
in the Civil War
Ohio Military Service
Soldiers’ Occupations:
North/South Combined
Immigrants
as a %
of a State’s
Population
in
1860
The Leaders of the Confederacy
Pres. Jefferson Davis
VP Alexander Stevens
The Confederate “White House” in Richmond,
Va
The Confederate Seal
MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”
A Northern View of Jeff Davis
Overview
of
the North’s
Civil War
Strategy:
“Anaconda”
Plan
The “Anaconda” Plan
Union: Anaconda Plan
1. Cut the Confederacy in two by taking
control of Mississippi River
2. Blockade the Southern coast and cut it
off from Europe
3. Strike at the heart of the
Confederacy: Sherman’s march to the
Sea
4. Capture Richmond, the Capital
South war strategy
1. Counteract what the Union did
2. Survive
3. Keep armies in field
Lincoln’s Generals
Winfield Scott
Irwin McDowell
George McClellan
Joseph Hooker
Ambrose Burnside
Ulysses S. Grant
George Meade
George McClellan,
Again!
McClellan: I Can Do It All!
The Confederate Generals
“Stonewall” Jackson
Nathan Bedford
Forrest
George Pickett
Jeb Stuart
James Longstreet
Robert E. Lee
Battle of Bull Run
(1st Manassas)
July, 1861
The Battle of the Ironclads,
March, 1862
The Monitor vs.
the Merrimac
Damage on the Deck of the Monitor
Buy Your Way Out of Military Service
War in the East: 1861-1862
Battle of Antietam
“Bloodiest Single Day of the War”
September 17, 1862
23,000 casualties
Emancipation in 1863
The
Emancipation
Proclamation
Emancipation Proclamation
Issued after the battle of Antietam,
January 1, 1863.
All slaves residing in “territory in
rebellion” against the North: Upper and
Lower South, no border states.
Few slaves were freed
The Civil War was now fought to end
slavery
African-American Recruiting Poster
The Famous 54th Massachusetts
August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to Col. Robert
Gould Shaw
African-Americans
in Civil War Battles
Black Troops Freeing Slaves
The War in
the West, 1863:
Vicksburg
The Road to Gettysburg: 1863
Gettysburg Casualties
The North Initiates
the Draft, 1863
Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC
Recruiting Blacks in NYC
NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
A “Pogrom” Against Blacks
Inflation in the South
The Progress of War: 1861-1865
Sherman’s
“March
to the
Sea”
through
Georgia,
1864
1864 Election
Pres. Lincoln (R)
George McClellan (D)
The Peace Movement: Copperheads: Southern
sympathizers from the North
Clement Vallandigham
1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster
Cartoon Lampoons Democratic
Copperheads in 1864
Presidential
Election
Results:
1864
The Final Virginia Campaign:
1864-1865
Surrender at Appomattox
April 9, 1865
Casualties on Both Sides
Civil War Casualties
in Comparison to Other Wars
Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)
The Assassin
John Wilkes Booth
The Assassination
WANTED~~!!
Now He Belongs to the Ages!
The Execution