Transcript The Civil War Begins

Please write the following questions in
your notebook.
Which side had the advantage in terms
of industrial production?
What do these data suggest about the
eventual outcome of the war?
Population
North vs. South
North
South
Population in millions
25
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
0
20
15
10
5
0
Total
Population
Eligible for
Military
Industrial
Workers
Military Strength
North vs. South
Naval Ship
Tonnage
Iron
Production
25 to 1
15 to 1
North
Firearms
Production
South
32 to 1
The Civil War Begins 1860-1865
Confederates (South) vs. Yankees or Union
(North)
The Union and Confederacy
Yes, they are slave states, but stay with the Union
1860: Abraham Lincoln Elected
President of U.S.
◊Dec. 1860: Southern States secede from
the Union
• Both N and S begin recruiting and training
their Armies
Fort Sumter
Confederate troops began seizing
Federal Forts and arsenals

03/1861: Only four remained in Union control
04/1861: Confederate troops attack and
take Fort Sumter (Charleston, SC)
An Uneven Match?
The North (Union):





more people
more factories
more food
more railroads
A strong Navy
• The South
(Confederacy):
● King Cotton = Money?
● Well-trained GeneralsWest Point graduates!
● highly motivated
soldiers
The Union’s Plan
Blockade Southern ports
= no trade
Split South into 2 parts
along the Mississippi Riv.
= divide & conquer
Capture Confederate
capital at Richmond, VA
= always go for the capital!
The Union’s Plan
Bull Run 06/1861
First real battle
Confederates win under Gen. “Stonewall”
Jackson
Confederates thought the
war was over…
In the West …
Yankee Gen. Ulysses S.
Grant led forces in the west.
By June of 1862, Grant took
control of most of Mississippi
River
Naval Cmdr. Farragut Takes New
Orleans 08/1862
Cmdr. Farragut
commanded Union
naval fleet.
Took New Orleans via
the Gulf of Mexico to
help secure the
Mississippi R.
Why was control of the
Mississippi Riv. so important?
Ft. Henry Feb. 1862
Grant
- NORTH
Grant
Ft. Henry
Ft.
Donelson
Shiloh
o
Ft. Donelson
Feb.1862 Grant
NORTH
(Vicksburg
)
Shiloh April 1862
Grant - NORTH
New
Orleans
Farragut
New Orleans April
1862 Farragut NORTH
-
Antietam, MD (not far
from Washington D.C.)
09/17/1862 - McLellan’s (Union)
army beat Robert E. Lee’s army
(Confederate).

Bloodiest single-day battle in
American history
Lincoln “fires” McLellan for not
pursuing Confederates
26,000 dead at Antietam
Bull Run July 1861 Stonewall Jackson -
SOUTH
Antietam
Seven Days’ June-July 1861McClellan vs. Lee - SOUTH
Bull Run
Manassas
Manassas Aug. 1862 Robert E. Lee - SOUTH
Fredericksburg
Antietam Sept. 1862 McClellan vs. Lee - NORTH
Seven Days’
Fredericksburg Dec. 1862
Robert E. Lee - SOUTH
The Emancipation Proclamation
(January 1, 1863)
Didn’t feel he could end
slavery (no Pres. Powers)
Freed slaves as a war
tactic (confiscating
supplies / property)
Applied only to slaves
behind enemy lines
gave the war a moral
purpose
How was the Emancipation
Proclamation a part of Lincoln’s
military strategy?