Transcript CIVIL WAR ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES

CIVIL WAR
ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES
UNION (NORTH)
ADVANTAGES
•Larger population
•More industry
•More resources
•Organized banking
system
•More railroad mileage
•Abraham Lincoln
•More ships
DISADVANTAGES
•Faced hostile people
•Southern territory unfamiliar
CIVIL WAR
ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES
CONFEDERACY (SOUTH)
ADVANTAGES
•Strong popular support
•Familiar territory
•Superior military leadership
•Men more experienced with
shooting and outdoors
DISADVANTAGES
•Smaller population
•Few factories
•Less food production
•Fewer railroad miles
•Fewer ships
CIVIL WAR
STRATEGIES
UNION (NORTH)
The Anaconda Plan
1. Blockade Southern ports to stop
import of supplies
2. Split the Confederacy by gaining
control of the Mississippi River
3. Capture Richmond, the
Confederate
capital
CIVIL WAR
STRATEGIES
CONFEDERACY (SOUTH)
GOAL: RECOGNITION AS AN INDEPENDENT NATION
1. Get Britain to pressure
North to end blockade and
restore supplies
2. Defend homeland until
North tired of fighting
3. Capture Washington, D.C.
CIVIL WAR
BATTLES, 1861
1st BATTLE OF MANASSAS/BULL RUN (Virginia)
July 21, 1861
- Northerners expected a quick
victory and an early end to
the war.
- Residents of Washington,
D.C. came out to watch
- Confederates won the battle
- General Thomas Jackson
earned the title “Stonewall
Jackson at this battle
CIVIL WAR
BATTLES , 1862
BATTLE OF THE MONITOR AND MERRIMAC
March 9, 1862 (Virginia)
New naval warships called
ironclads (covered in metal
rather than just wood) battled
head to head near the
Chesapeake Bay. This battle
ended in a draw (tie).
CIVIL WAR
BATTLES, 1862
PENINSULA CAMPAIGN: MARCH 1862 (VIRGINIA)
McClellan lost command of Union army. Lincoln gives him
command of smaller unit to go after Richmond. This was a
lost cause by August.
CIVIL WAR
BATTLES , 1862
Shiloh: April 6, 1862 (Tennessee)
The Union found hope in the
work of a little known general
named Ulysses Grant, who
took control of Tennessee.
This was the bloodiest US
battle up to that day:
-- 1,735 Union dead
-- 7,882 Union wounded
-- 1,728 Confederate dead
-- 8,012 Confederate
wounded
CIVIL WAR
BATTLES , 1862
New Orleans: April 25, 1862
(Louisiana)
• Union forces captured
New Orleans, an
important port at the
mouth of the
Mississippi River.
• Benjamin Butler began
taking slaves as
refugees and called
them “Contraband”.
CIVIL WAR
BATTLES , 1862
2nd Battle of Bull Run (Virginia)
August 29-30, 1862
Stonewall Jackson and
Robert E Lee are making
things embarrassing for
President Lincoln. After
the failure of the
Peninsula Campaign, the
Rebels force the Union
boys to retreat once again
at Bull Run.
CIVIL WAR
BATTLES , 1862
ANTIETAM (Maryland)
September 17, 1862
- Bloodiest single day of battle
in America’s history
-- 2,010 Union dead
-- 9,416 Union wounded
-- 1,512 Confederate dead
-- 7,816 Confederate wounded
- Confederate defeat which prevented
Gen. Lee from convincing Britain
to support the South
CIVIL WAR
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
January 1, 1863
- Freed only the slaves in the
“rebellious” states BUT any
places that Union troops took
over gave protection to slave
refugees.
- Political move on the part of
Abraham Lincoln when he
was concerned the North was
tiring of war.
- Gave the North a new purpose
to continue the war
- Britain decided to withhold
recognition of the
CIVIL WAR PROBLEMS BY 1863
NORTH
• “Peace Democrats” (also
called “Copperheads”)
favored a truce with the
Confederacy
• Enlistments declined
• Bounties offered – failed
• Draft law drew names of
men 20-45
• Could buy out of it for
$300
• Draft riots took place in
New York City in July, 1863
SOUTH
• Enlistments declined
• Draft law drew names of men
18-35 to serve for 3 years
• could hire a substitute
• Bombing raids caused people to
have to leave their homes
• Blockade caused imported
goods to disappear
• Crops were destroyed, railroads
were torn apart
• Clothing wore out and could not
be replaced