Transcript The Origin of Species

Cells - structure, function,
membranes, different types
Cell division –
mitosis & meiosis
Molecular genetics - transcription, translation,
DNA structure & replication, genetics
Ecology
Biotechnology
Things we didn’t cover
Cells
Cell
Division
Molecular
Genetics
Ecology
Biotechnology
Things
We
Didn’t
Cover
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Double Jeopardy!
Cells
This organelle is
located on the rough
ER and in the cytosol
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Cells
What is the ribosome
Back
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Cells
Often called “Cell
eating”, in which the
cell engulfs smaller
organisms or food
particles
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Cells
What is phagocytosis
Back
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Cells
This cell functions in the immune
response by initiating apoptosis in
the infected target cells
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Cells
What is the Cytotoxic T
cell
Back
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Cells
These are the three main
types of fibers that make
up the cytoskeleton
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Cells
What are:
Microtubules,
microfilaments, and
intermediate
filaments
Back
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Cells
This molecule reduces membrane
fluidity at moderate temperatures,
but maintains fluidity at low
temperatures.
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Cells
What is cholesterol
Back
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Cell Division
This is the phase which accounts
for 90% of the cell cycle and is
where the cell grows and copies
its chromosomes in preparation
for cell division.
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Cell Division
What is interphase
Back
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Cell Division
This is the name of the
nondividing state that the
cell goes into if it does not
receive a go-ahead signal
at a checkpoint.
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Cell Division
What is G0 phase
Back
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Cell Division
This is the stage in the cell
cycle in which cyclin
concentration and MPF
activity reach their peak.
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Cell Division
What is the mitotic
phase
Back
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Cell Division
This is the process that ensures genetic
variation in meiosis by allowing
chromosomes to position themselves
at metphase I in a variety of equally
probable locations.
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Cell Division
What is independent
assortment
Back
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Cell Divison
This is the phase at
which crossing over
occurs between
homologous
chromosomes
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Cell Division
What is Prophase I
Back
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Topic 3
This enzyme functions in DNA
replication by untwisting the
double helix at the replication
forks, separating the two
parental strands and making
them available as template
strands.
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Molecular Genetics
What is Helicase
Back
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Molecular Genetics
This is the name of the
model of DNA
replication that was
proven correct.
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Molecular Genetics
What is the semiconservative model
Back
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Molecular Genetics
This is the name for
the enzyme that
extends the telomere.
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Molecular Genetics
What is telomerase
Back
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Molecular Genetics
Initiation, elongation, and
termination
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Molecular Genetics
What is the stages of
transcription
Back
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Molecular Genetics
This particle functions as an
adapter that brings the
ribosome to a receptor
protein built into the ER
membrane.
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Molecular Genetics
What is the signalrecognition particle
(SRP)
Back
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Ecology
These types of questions about
behavior focus on the environmental
stimuli and how they trigger
behavior, as well as the genetic,
physiological, and anatomical
mechanisms underlying a behavioral
act.
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Ecology
What is proximate
questions
Back
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Ecology
This type of
survivorship curve
characterizes a
constant death rate.
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Ecology
What is Type II
Back
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Ecology
Weather, climate, and
environmental
disasters characterize
this type of
population factor
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Ecology
What is densityindependent factors
Back
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Ecology
This rule says that only
10% of energy
reaches the next
trophic level.
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Ecology
What is the rule of 10
Back
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Ecology
The conversion of N2 by
bacteria to forms that can
be used to synthesize
nitrogenous organic
compounds.
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Ecology
What is nitrogen
fixation
Back
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Biotechnology
The DNA level, RNA
level, and the protein
level
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Biotechnology
What is the three ways
that gene expression
can be regulated
Back
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Biotechnology
The process that
attaches acetyl
groups to positively
charged lysines in
histone tails.
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Biotechnology
What is histone
acetylation
Back
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Biotechnology
After using restriction enzymes to cut a
DNA fragment, the resulting doublestranded restriction fragments have at
least one single stranded end, known as
the __________ ____
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Biotechnology
What is the sticky end
Back
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Biotechnology
This method of DNA
sequencing was
developed by British
scientist Frederick
Sanger
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Topic 5
What is Dideoxy ChainTermination Method
Back
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Biotechnology
This type of mutation in our
genome accounts for most of our
diversity and is characterized by
single base-pair variations in the
genome.
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Biotechnology
What is single
nucleotide
polymorphisms
(SNPs)
Back
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Things we Didn’t Cover
This mass in the brain
consists of mainly
dendrites, unmyelinated
axons, and neuron cell
bodies.
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Things we Didn’t Cover
What is gray matter.
Back
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Contains centers that
control breathing, heart
and blood vessel activity,
swallowing, vomiting,
and digestion.
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Things we Didn’t Cover
What is the medulla
oblongata.
Back
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Things we Didn’t Cover
Involves an increase in the
strength of synaptic
transmission that occurs
when presynaptic neurons
produce a brief, highfrequency series of action
potentials.
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Things we Didn’t Cover
What is:
LTP (Long-Term
Potentiation)
Back
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Things we Didn’t Cover
Sense stimuli coming from
within the body, such as
blood pressure and body
position.
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Things we Didn’t Cover
What is Interoreceptors
Back
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Things we Didn’t Cover
In aquatic biomes, the
area where little light
penetrates.
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Things we Didn’t Cover
What is:
The aphotic zone.
Back
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Double
Jeopardy!!!
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Evolution & classification - natural selection,
speciation, classification
Plant Systems
Animal Systems
Labs
Plant
Animal
Systems Systems
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Evolution
And
Classification
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Labs
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Final Jeopardy!
Photosynthesis
These are the reactants
of photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis
What is:
CO2 + H2O + light energy
Back
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Photosynthesis
This molecule donates the
electrons to the P680
receptor that were lost to
the primary electron
acceptor.
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Photosynthesis
What is H20
Back
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Photosynthesis
This type of plant prefaces the Calvin
cycle with an alternate mode of
carbon fixation that forms a fourcarbon compound as its first product.
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Photosynthesis
What is the C4 plant.
Back
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Photosynthesis
This cycle Uses ATP
and NADPH to convert
CO2 to the sugar
G3P.
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Photosynthesis
What is the Calvin
Cycle reactions.
Back
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Photosynthesis
In this type of plant, carbon
fixation and the Calvin cycle
occur in the same cells
at different times, in order to
conserve water in arid
climates.
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Photosynthesis
What is the CAM plant.
Back
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Respiration
ATP in glycolysis and
the citric acid cycle
are formed through
this mechanism
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Respiration
What is Substratelevel phosphorylation
Back
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Respiration
During this phase of
Cellular respiration,
no oxygen is needed
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Respiration
What is glycolysis
Back
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Respiration
This molecule is the final
electron acceptor
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Respiration
What is Oxygen
Back
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Respiration
This is the electron carrier
that comes from the
Citric Acid Cycle
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Respiration
What is FADH2
Back
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Respiration
Cellular respiration
occurs in these three
areas of the
mitochondria
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Respiration
What is the Intermembrane space, the
Inner mitrochondrial membane, and
the Mitrochondrial matrix.
Back
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Evolution and Classification
This early theory of evolution
focused on the inheritance of
acquired traits throughout an
organism’s lifetime.
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Evolution and Classification
What is:
Lamark’s Theory of
Evolution
Back
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Evolution and Classification
This is the term Darwin
used to describe
evolution in his first
edition of The Origin
of Species
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Evolution and Classification
What is descent with
modification
Back
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Evolution and Classification
Speciation that occurs
when a population is
divided into
geographically isolated
subpopulations.
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Evolution and Classification
What is:
Allopatric Speciation
Back
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Evolution and Classification
These are the different
levels of hierarchical
species classifications.
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Evolution and Classification
What is:
Domain, Kingdom,
Phylum, Class, Order,
Family, Genus,
Species
Back
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Evolution and Classification
The number of years it takes
for 50% of the original
sample to decay.
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Evolution and Classification
What is half-life
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Plant Systems
This term refers to the
waxy covering on
leaves that prevents
water loss.
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Plant Systems
What is the cuticle
Back
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Plant Systems
The term for how land
plants alternate between
two different multicellular
bodies, with each form
producing the other.
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Plant Systems
What is the alternation
of generations
Back
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Plant Systems
This tissue distributes
sugars, amino acids,
and other organic
products.
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Plant Systems
What is phloem.
Back
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Plant Systems
Sporophytes produce
spores by this process
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Plant Systems
What is meiosis
Back
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Plant Systems
This type of plant made
the first move to land.
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Plant Systems
What is the bryophyte
Back
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Animal Systems
This is how animals
receive their
structural support.
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Animal Systems
What is structural
proteins
Back
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Animal Systems
This type of symmetry
is characterized by
only 1 central axis,
that provides a mirror
image.
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Animal Systems
What is bilateral
symmetry
Back
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Animal Systems
The movement of sensory
equipment towards the
front of the organism, in
order to aid in movement.
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Animal Systems
What is cephalization
Back
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Animal Systems
The process where
layers of embryonic
tissues that will
develop into adult
body parts form.
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Animal Systems
What is gastrulation.
Back
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Animal Systems
This type of animal lacks a
body cavity between the
digestive tract and the
outer body wall.
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Animal Systems
What is the
acoelomate
Back
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Labs
In the respiration
experiment, we measured
the amount of this
molecule consumed by the
mealworms.
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Labs
What is oxygen.
Back
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Labs
In the photosynthesis
lab, we measured this
by using the
spectrophotometer.
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Labs
What is the effect of
chloroplasts and light
on photosynthesis
Back
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Labs
In the CSI Lab, the use of
this type of enzyme
separated the DNA into
fragments for use in gel
electrophoresis.
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Labs
What is restriction
enzymes.
Back
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Labs
We studied this in the
drosophilia lab
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Labs
What is mutant flies and
their possible
genotypes/phenotypes.
Back
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Labs
In the blood pressure lab,
this term was calculated
by when the first blood
pulse occurred.
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Labs
What is:
systolic pressure
Back
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Final
Jeopardy!!!
Final Jeopardy!!!
This is the term that describes
when two alleles both affect
the phenotype in separate,
distinguishable ways.
Final Jeopardy!!!
What is codominance