Transcript energy resources

ENERGY RESOURCES
Science, Technology, and Society
Mr. CANOVA
Period 11
Our Planet’s Energy Resources
• Energy- The ability to do work or cause a change
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Potential Energy- Stored Energy
– Ex: Chemical, Nuclear, Gravitational, Mechanical
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Kinetic Energy- Energy in Motion
– Ex: Electric, Radiant, Thermal, Mechanical
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Law of Conservation of Energy– Energy can be converted from one form to another but it cannot be
created or destroyed
ENERGY CONVERSIONS
Identify the initial and final forms of energy
• Potential– Motion, chemical, nuclear, gravitational
• Kinetic– Motion, electrical, radiant, thermal
• Example 1: Ice Cream to Bicycling
• Example 2: Sunlight to Photosynthesis
• Example 3: Gasoline to School Bus
Energy Resources
Sources of Energy:
Renewable vs Nonrenewable energy
• Renewable:
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Biomass
Hydropower
Geothermal
Wind
Solar
• Nonrenewable:
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Coal
Natural Gas
Petroleum
Nuclear
• Transuranium elements
Fossil Fuels
• Petroleum (Crude oil)- A
liquid fuel made from the
remains of dead sea
organisms
• Hydrocarbons- The
major components of
petroleum. These
compounds contain a
tremendous amount of
energy and can be easily
manipulated to form
many products.
Petroleum Products
•
Fractional Distillation-
Separating a liquid
mixture by different
boiling points
– FUELS:
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METHANE
PETROLEUM
GASOLINE
KEROSENE
DIESEL
JET FUEL
HEATING OIL.
Other Petroleum Products:
Fertilizers
Pesticides
Solvents
Fabrics
Construction materials
Household Chemicals
How Much Petroleum Remains?
• At this pace, we have almost 37 years of oil remaining
Other Fossil Fuels
• Coal-
Prehistoric plants buried in
swamps transformed by heat and
pressure deep within the Earth. It is
used most commonly in power plants.
– 4 types:
• Lignite (From Peat)
• Subbituminous
C oa l. j
pg
• Bituminous
• Anthracite
• Natural Gas-
Composed
primarily of methane (CH4) A waste
product created when petroleum is
formed. It is typically a very clean
burning fuel used in homes for heating
and cooking.
The Source of All Energy On Earth
• The Sun– Our star which uses
nuclear energy to produce
thermal and radiant energy.
– Gives energy for
photosynthesis by plants
and algae.
Autotrophs provide energy at the
base of all food webs.
Over millions of years, chemical
energy in living organisms
form fossil fuels.
Creating Electricity
• Fossil Fuels are burned to
create steam which is
forced through pipes to
turn turbines. The
turbines turn the wires
within a generator
creating electric current.
The current comes to
your homes through lines
on towers and into wall
sockets.
The Problems with Fossil Fuels
A) Sulfuric and Nitrogen Compounds which
cause acid precipitation. This harms plants,
animals, humans,and destroys buildings and
monuments.
B) Carbon dioxide which is a greenhouse gas.
These gasses trap solar energy, increasing the
average global temperature.
The Problem with Nuclear Energy
• Nuclear- supply more
electricity than oil,
natural gas, and
hydropower. But
there are major risks
involved including
nuclear safety, nuclear
waste, and nuclear
weapons.
Alternative Sources of Energy
• All are viable sources of
energy but there are
problems:
– 1) Costs
• Technology, Infrastructure,
training,
– 2) Consumer Confidence
• Not the norm, What it is? Why
isn’t everyone using it?
– 3) Unforeseen circumstances
• Natural disasters or changes
– 4) Lack of Reliability
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Enough wind, sunlight, water in
certain areas of the world
– 5) Cultures
• Not used now, why begin or we
have enough of other sources
WHAT DIRECTION DO YOU
THINK WE’RE HEADING IN?
Keep this in mind as we take a look at
some of the energy sources that we
rely in the upcoming days.