Transcript Classes Until the Harvard Westlake Final

Benchmark Practice
• Catalyst:
1. Complete the reaction if it undergoes beta decay:
39 K 
19
2. Complete the reaction if it undergoes beta decay:
3 H
1
3. Complete for alpha decay:
210 Po 
84
4. Complete for alpha decay:
235 U 
92
End
Nuclear Chemistry Review and
Benchmark Day
Today’s Focus Question
• How do fossil fuels work?
Why is carbon in all living matter?
I. Our Friend Carbon
• Carbon likes to bond with a lot of atoms.
• This is due to its 4 valence electrons
• Because of this ability to bond, carbon is
essential in all living matter.
C
II. Our Friend Carbon
• Because of carbon’s unique bonding characteristics,
this allows it to form repeating structures.
• Large biological molecules are just repeating
structures of smaller carbon units.
What is the structure of biological
molecules?
I. Amino Acids
• Amino acids are the building blocks of
proteins.
• Amino acids are connected together to create
proteins
II. Nucleotides
• DNA is made of repeating units of nucleotides.
• Because of carbon’s bonding structure, this allows
for many nucleotides to be linked together.
III. Starch
• Starch is a common carbohydrate that is made
up of smaller repeating carbon rings
• Starch is made of repeating glucose rings
Starch
Glucose
How are fossil fuels connected to
biochemistry?
I. Hydrocarbons and Fossil Fuels
• Fossil fuels are made of carbon and hydrogen.
• Hydrocarbon – Any long chained molecule that
contains only carbon and hydrogen bonds.
II. Energy from Fossil Fuels
• The bonds in hydrocarbons have energy
• When hydrocarbons are combusted (burned),
a large amount of energy is released
• This large amount of heat/energy can be used
to power cars, factories, etc.
2C8H18 + 25O2  18H2O + 16CO2 + Energy
How is nuclear energy?
Nuclear Energy
• Nuclear power plants use nuclear fission reactions
to generate electricity
• The energy of the reaction heats water, which turns
a turbine, which generates electrical energy.
SUMMARIZE
Use the following terms in your
summary:
• Carbon
• Fission
• Nuclear Energy
• Fossil Fuel
Essay Practice
• You will be writing an essay that analyzes the differences
between nuclear energy and fossil fuels.
• This unit focused on the essential question of: what will be the
fuel of the future? We studied two main sources of fuel in this
unit: nuclear energy and fossil fuels. Write an essay comparing
and contrasting the benefits and dangers of nuclear energy and
fossil fuels. You should answer the following questions:
– What is nuclear fission and what happens when an atom is split into two?
– How does nuclear energy use nuclear fission in order to power a turbine
in order to generate energy?
– Why is carbon such an essential element in all biological molecules?
– How do the high energy bonds in carbon allow for the production of
energy when fossil fuels are burned?
Stations Review
•
•
•
•
Station 1 – Forces and Isotopes
Station 2 – Isotopes and Radioactivity
Station 3 – Radioactive Decay
Station 4 – Essay Practice
Tue
Closing Time
• Benchmark Time!
• PRACTICE YOUR ESSAYS