Transcript document

World History II
Midterm Review
2008 - 2009
The new way of thinking that emerged
in the mid-1500s is called the
A.
B.
C.
D.
geocentric theory.
Scientific Revolution.
Enlightenment.
American Revolution.
Until the Scientific Revolution, the
traditional authorities were
A.
B.
C.
D.
Plato and Aristotle.
the Church and ancient scholars.
navigators and explorers.
Aquinas and his followers.
Which of the following posed theories that
brought him into direct conflict with the
Church?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Francis Bacon
Galileo
Aristotle
Ptolemy
Who wrote “Man is born free but
everywhere is in chains”?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Locke
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Voltaire
How did Hobbes and Rousseau differ?
A. Rousseau believed in the idea of a social
contract; Hobbes did not.
B. Rousseau believed an absolute monarchy was
essential; Hobbes did not.
C. Rousseau believed people were naturally
good; Hobbes did not.
D. Hobbes believed people needed protection
from government; Rousseau did not.
American colonists objected to the
Stamp Act because
A. they resented forced conscription in the British
military to fight the Seven Years’ War.
B. the Act restricted the colonists’ trade.
C. contrary to British belief, Americans thought
stamps were necessary.
D. they objected to taxes levied by the British
Parliament without representation.
Tycho Brahe believed that
A. the sun, planets, and moon all revolved around
the earth.
B. all planets revolved around the sun.
C. the sun revolved around the earth but the other
known planets revolved around the sun.
D. there was only one planet in the solar system.
Which of the following proposed the
geocentric theory?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Aristotle
Copernicus
Galileo
Johannes Kepler
Which of following was written by Denis
Diderot in order to promote knowledge?
A.
B.
C.
D.
the Encyclopedia
Candide
Leviathan
Two Treatises on Government
In which country were the
Enlightenment reforms of Emperor
Joseph II opposed by the church and
the nobility?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Japan
Russia
Prussia
Austria
Why did King Louis XVI call a meeting of
the Estates General to be held in spring
1789?
A. to press for reform in the legislative
process
B. to begin the process of writing a new
constitution for France
C. to get approval for new taxes on the
Third Estate
D. to get approval to rescind tax exemptions
for the First Estate
Which of the following legislative
bodies ended the monarchy and
proclaimed France a republic?
A.
B.
C.
D.
the National Assembly
the Legislative Assembly
the National Convention
the Directory
The French people welcomed Napoleon
because
A. they hoped he would help the collapsing
French economy.
B. he completely disavowed the ideals of
the Revolution.
C. he was the grandson of Louis XVI and
Marie Antoinette.
D. he promised order after the chaos of the
Revolution.
Part of the legacy of the French
Revolution is that
A. it has discouraged revolutions worldwide
for 200 years.
B. it has inspired people to fight for their
rights in other parts of the world.
C. citizens’ rights in Europe were never
again restricted.
D. all European monarchies became
democracies.
The Reign of Terror resulted in
A. increased foreign opposition to the
French Revolution.
B. a strengthened National Assembly.
C. peace throughout France.
D. the election of Robespierre to the
presidency.
Why were Europeans outside of France
horrified by the execution of Louis XVI?
A. They were actually delighted by the
execution of Louis XVI.
B. They thought he was an honorable
leader.
C. They feared that the same fate might
befall their monarchs.
D. They feared Great Britain’s wrath.
Many peasants came to oppose
the Revolution because
A. they were staunch Jacobins.
B. they opposed the Revolution’s
anticlerical moves and the draft.
C. they were pacifists.
D. they were influenced by Enlightenment
ideas.
Who did not benefit from The
Declaration of the Rights of Man
and Citizen?
A.
B.
C.
D.
artisans
peasants
women
sans culottes
The Congress of Vienna
A. changed many national borders in
Europe.
B. restored monarchies in much of Europe.
C. restricted the rights of citizens in
monarchies.
D. all of the above
The Napoleonic Code
A. recognized the influence of the Roman
Catholic Church.
B. outlined Napoleon’s plan to dominate
Europe.
C. promoted order and authority over
individual rights.
D. required members of the military to be
educated.
Which of the following was one
factor that allowed Britain to
industrialize first?
A.
B.
C.
D.
widespread famine
British colonies
government-owned factories
a strong army
Which of the following natural
resources was most important for
the early development of industry in
Great Britain?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Coal
Iron ore
Water
Timber
How did industrialization hurt skilled
craft workers working in cottage
industry?
A. by leading to a labor movement that
raised wages
B. by leading to a shortage of raw materials
C. by shifting populations from countryside
to city
D. by undercutting prices for their products
Which of the following was one effect
of the factory system?
A.
B.
C.
D.
More .people joined the middle class.
Workers became more skilled.
The price of products increased.
Workers dealt directly with merchants.
Mass production which created an
increase in the quantity of goods
produced, led to
A. More consumer goods available to more
people.
B. Higher wages and shorter hours.
C. An increase in the cost of factory-made
goods.
D. An increase in the number of workers
factories needed.
Karl Marx and Frederick Engels
argued that capitalism would
inevitably lead to
A.
B.
C.
D.
An energy crisis.
Poverty and a workers’ revolution.
An extensive welfare state.
Enslavement of most of the population.
The mercantile system in Britain
was replaced by
A.
B.
C.
D.
Entrepreneurship
Socialism
Department stores
Laissez-faire economics
A region in northwestern England
became known as “black country”
because
A. Laborers smudged coal dust on their
faces to keep the sun out of their eyes.
B. Iron-smelting factories polluted the air
C. Industries located there were all
immensely profitable.
D. The sand on the beaches was dark gray.
The Luddite movement emerged
in order to
A. Agitate for a 10 hour day
B. Oppose industrial changes that were
putting weavers out of work.
C. Direct strikes that were breaking out all
over Europe.
D. Abolish child labor.
Which of the following was a result
of the growth of the textile industry
in Great Britain
A. Fewer cotton farms in Great Britain.
B. The huge population growth in the
country.
C. The expansion of agriculture in India.
D. The spread of slavery in the United
States.
Britain’s colonial empire fueled the
development of industry in that
country because
A. The nation had access to vast amounts of
raw materials.
B. The war machine required quick and
efficient production of goods.
C. The colonies provided slave labor for
growing industries.
D. Workers in the colonies earned far less
than workers in Britain.
Which of the following countries
was the first to industrialize?
A.
B.
C.
D.
United States
Great Britain
France
Japan
What did Benjamin Disraeli,
Emmeline Pankhurst, and the
Chartists have in common?
A) All worked to limit immigration.
B) All sought to extend the voting rights.
C) All donated large sums of money to
orphanages.
D) All opposed child labor.
What was the effect of the
Reform Act of 1832?
A) It gave industrial cities representation in
Parliament for the first time.
B) It gave women the right to vote for
members of Parliament.
C) It regulated working conditions and
minimum wages in industry.
D) It created the United Kingdom by joining
England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.
The Dreyfus affair had a lasting
impact because it
A) kept women from voting for another sixty
years.
B) led to the Revolution of 1848.
C) barred Jews from holding military
commissions for almost a century.
D) inspired the Zionist movement.
The Reform Act of 1832 was
passed to address which of the
following issues?
A) widespread alcoholism in Britain
B) unequal representation in Parliament
C) women’s lack of suffrage
D) harmful conditions for child workers
“Europe no longer possesses unity of faith, of mission,
or of aim . . . The question of nationality can only be
resolved by destroying the treaties of 1815 and changing
the map of Europe and its public law.”
—Giuseppe Mazzini, “On Nationality,” 1852
Study the passage by Giuseppe Mazzini. According to the
passage, Mazzini advocated changing national boundaries
that had
A. previously separated people of different
ethnicities.
B. been put in place by Napoleon.
C. been put in place by Napoleon. kept people
of different religions from mingling.
D. been set by the Congress of Vienna.
“Europe no longer possesses unity of faith, of mission,
or of aim . . . The question of nationality can only be
resolved by destroying the treaties of 1815 and changing
the map of Europe and its public law.”
—Giuseppe Mazzini, “On Nationality,” 1852
The passage by Giuseppe Mazzini illustrates
the concept of
A)
B)
C)
D)
Catholicism
communism
nationalism
socialism
Study the map titled “The Unification of Italy, 1858–1870.”
According to the map Garibaldi
A) sailed North to France.
B) defected to Rome
C) lived in Florence.
D) ended his military campaign in Naples.
According to the map titled “The Unification of Italy, 1858–1870,” which territories were
given to France in exchange for help in unifying the northern Italian states?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Savoy and Nice
Lombardy and Rome
Venetia and Rome
Sardinia and Sicily
According to the map titled “The Unification of Italy, 1858–
1870,” which area was the last to be annexed by Italy?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Sicily
The territory surrounding Rome
Sardinia
The northern states of Savoy, Lombardy and Venetia
Which of the following statements most
accurately describes the economy of
Italy in the years after unification?
Please make your selection
A)
The unification of industrial, agricultural, and banking
states led to a strong national economy.
B) Plentiful land and a well-developed transportation
network resulted in a nation of small, prosperous
farmers.
C) Widespread poverty and unemployment led to violence
and emigration.
D) Rising industry led to rapid urbanization and a modern
economy.
What goal did Giuseppe Mazzini,
Camillo di Cavour, and Giuseppe
Garibaldi all have in common?
A)
B)
C)
D)
A democratic republic in Italy
The unification of Germany
The unification of Italy
The return of Italy to the glory of the Roman
Empire
Giuseppe Garibaldi’s actions show
that he was most committed to
A. a republican government.
B. achieving political power.
C. the unification of Italy.
D. the return of Italy to the glory of the Roman Empire.
According to the map
titled “The Unification
of Germany, 1865–
1871,” states that
joined the German
Empire
A. had been part of Denmark
B. were in the South
C. bordered the Russian Empire
D. nearly tripled the size of Germany
According to the map
titled “The Unification of
Germany, 1865–1871,” in
which direction did the
Prussian armies advance
during the AustroPrussian war?
A. west
B. north
C. southeast
D. northwest
According to the
map titled “The
Unification of
Germany, 1865–
1871,” before 1866
Prussia
a.was relatively small compared to other German states.
b.was landlocked.
c.was divided into two parts.
d.controlled Belgium and the Netherlands.
According to the map
titled “The Unification
of Germany, 1865–
1871,” in which
direction did the
German armies
advance during the
Franco-Prussian War?
A. west
B. north
C. east
D. northeast
German liberals who revolted in
1848 all wanted
A. a constitutional monarchy.
B. a republic.
C. reforms that would promote individual
rights.
D. the Zollverein.
What did Otto von Bismarck mean
by the phrase “blood and iron”?
A. Germany needed railroads to unite the
country.
B. Prussia would fight to obtain iron.
C. He would continue to fight until he was
named emperor.
D. He would use the Prussian military as a
force for German unification.
The Treaty of Nanjing
A. benefited European countries at the expense of
China
B. allowed the Chinese to try British citizens in
Chinese courts
C. returned Shanghai to the Chinese
D. strengthened the Qing dynasty
The Meiji Restoration refers to the
A. peace process between China and Japan
in the late 1800’s
B. period of unrest in China that preceded
the 1911 revolution
C. Japanese emperor’s return to power
D. rebuilding of Japan’s imperial cities
Which best describes political
motives driving the new European
imperialism in Africa?
A. European leaders believed that controlling colonies
would gain more respect from other leaders.
B. European leaders wanted to develop industry in Africa
and reap their profits.
C. Population decline led European countries to look to
Africa for workers to fuel industrialization in home
countries.
D. Europeans believed they had much to learn from
Africans.
Why did Britain begin exporting
opium to China?
A. to prevent opium from going to British
subjects
B. to change the balance of trade in favor of
Britain
C. to make colonization of China easier
D. to improve the health of Chinese citizens
The Treaty of Kanagawa
contributed to
A. the shogun’s power.
B. a rise in nationalism.
C. the prestige of the Tokugawas
D. Japanese wealth through high tariffs.
Why did the British occupy Egypt in
1882?
A. to rebuild the Suez Canal to
accommodate larger ships
B. to set up trading posts along the coast
C. to maintain access to the Suez Canal
when the Egyptian government appeared
unstable
D. to secure the Congo River to aid Leopold
of Belgium
Study the map titled ”Imperialism in Africa.” Which
country was the first to seize land in Africa?
A. France
B. Belgium
C. Portugal
D. Italy
Study the map titled ”Imperialism in Africa.” By what
year had almost all of Africa been colonized?
A. 1850
B. 1880
C. 1912
D. 1940
Which of the following was one factor
that allowed European nations to extend
their control over Asia and Africa after
1800?
A. military advantages such as superior waepons
B. the rise of great empires in Asia nd North Africa
C. the superiority of European trade networks
D. European democratic traditions
What led the British government to
take control of India from the British
East India Company?
A. the Mughal Revolt
B. the spice trade
C. missionary impulses
D. the Sepoy Mutiny
Key terms that you NEED to know (from Chapter
12 – World War I)
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Triple Alliance
Trench warfare
Bolsheviks
Woodrow Wilson
Triple Entente
Total war
Grigory Rasputin
U-Boats
Franz Ferdinand
Propaganda
Marxism-Leninism
Zimmermann Note
Gavrilo Princip
Battle of Verdun
Leon Trotsky
Armistice
Neutral
Gallipoli Campaign
New Economic Policy
Fourteen Points
Central Powers
Genocide
Treaty of Versailles
Allied Powers
League of Nations
Mandates
Balfour Declaration